怨词二首·其一
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唐代]：崔国辅
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妾有罗衣裳，秦王在时作。
为舞春风多，秋来不堪著。
怨词二首·其一译文及注释
译文
我有一件轻罗质地的衣裳，还是秦王在世的时候制作。
多少次在春风中翩然起舞，秋季到来天凉不能再穿着。
注释
罗衣裳：轻软丝织品制成的衣服。
秦王：唐太宗李世民在唐初封秦王。这里泛指古代君王，非确指。
著（zhuó）：穿。
怨词二首·其一创作背景
清人刘大櫆说此诗是“刺先朝旧臣见弃”。唐人作宫怨诗，固然以直接反映宫女的不幸这一社会现实为多。但有时诗人也借写宫怨以寄托讽刺，或感叹个人身世。崔国辅系开元进士，官至礼部员外郎，天宝间被贬，此诗很有可能就是为寄托讽刺之意而作。
参考资料：
1、周啸天 等．唐诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1983：373
怨词二首·其一鉴赏
这首诗很像戏剧的独白。它能使人想象到比诗句本身更多的情景：女主人公大约刚刚翻检过衣箱，发现一件敝旧的罗衣，牵惹起对往事的回忆，不禁黯然神伤，开始了诗中所写的感叹。
第一句中的“罗衣裳”，既暗示了主人公宫女的身份，又寓有她青春岁月的一段经历。封建宫廷的宫女因歌舞博得君王一晌欢心，常获赐衣物。第二句说衣裳是“秦王在时”所作，这意味着“秦王”已故，又可见衣物非新。唐诗中常以“汉宫”泛指宫廷，这里的“秦王”也是泛指帝王。后两句紧承前两句之意作感慨。第三句说罗衣曾伴随过宫女青春时光，几多歌舞；第四句语意陡然一转，说眼前秋凉，罗衣再不能穿，久被冷落。两句对比鲜明，构成唱叹语调。“不堪”二字，语意沉痛。表面看来是叹“衣不如新”，但对于宫中舞女，一件春衣算不了什么，向来是“汗沾粉污不再著，曳土踏泥无惜心”（白居易《缭绫》）。可见这里有许多潜台词的。刘禹锡的《秋扇词》，可以作这两句诗的注脚：“莫道恩情无重来，人间荣谢递相催。当时初入君怀袖，岂念寒炉有死灰！”可见诗中对罗衣的悼惜，句句是宫女的自伤。“春”、“秋”不止指季候，又分明暗示年华的变换。“为舞春风多”包含着宫女对青春岁月的回忆。“秋来不堪著”，则暗示其后来的凄凉。“为”字下得十分巧妙，意谓：正因为有昨日宠召的频繁，久而生厌，才有今朝的冷遇。初看这二者并无因果关系，细味其中却含有“以色事他人，能得几时好”（李白《妾薄命》）之意，“为”字便写出宫女如此遭遇的必然性。
这首诗句句惜衣，而旨在惜人，运用的是比兴手法。衣和人之间是“隐喻”关系。这是此诗的艺术特点。罗衣与人，本是不相同的两种事物，此诗的作者却抓住罗衣“秋来不堪著”，与宫女见弃这种好景不长、朝不保夕的遭遇的类似之处，构成确切的比喻。以物喻人，揭示了封建制度下宫女丧失了作人权利这一极不合理的现象，这就触及到问题的本质。
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杜甫《
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遣遇》
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下一首：
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李白《
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结袜子》
崔国辅简介
唐代·崔国辅的简介
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崔国辅，唐代诗人。吴郡（今苏州）人，一说山阴（今浙江绍兴）人。开元十四年（726）登进士第，历官山阴尉、许昌令、集贤院直学士、礼部员外郎等职。天宝十一载(752)，因受王鉷案牵连被贬为竟陵司马。与陆鸿渐交往，品茶评水，一时传为佳话。事迹散见《新唐书·艺文志四》、《唐诗纪事》卷一五、《唐才子传》卷二。国辅诗以五绝著称，深得南朝乐府民歌遗意。殷璠《河岳英灵集》云：“国辅诗婉娈清楚，深宜讽味。乐府数章，古人不及也。”原集至宋代已佚。
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