西江月·四壁空围恨玉
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宋代]：张良臣
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四壁空围恨玉，十香浅捻啼绡。殷云度雨井桐凋。雁雁无书又到。
别后钗分燕尾，病馀镜减鸾腰。蛮江豆蔻影连梢。不道参横易晓。
西江月·四壁空围恨玉译文及注释
译文
我独自待在空空的闺房里面，十指轻捏着被泪水打湿的手绢。屋外阴云密布，落雨不时敲打着庭院井旁的梧桐树。树叶在风雨中凋零飘落，这个时刻那南去的大雁是不会捎信来的。
我们分别后，我从未将碧钗并合，就让它们像燕尾般在头发上岔着，相思让我终日闷闷不乐。揽镜自照，发现我腰肢锐减已经消瘦不少。走出屋外凭栏夜眺，我仿佛看到南方江边豆蔻相连根深叶茂，此时夜空参星已经斜照，天色微明拂晓即将来到。
注释
西江月：词牌名，原唐教坊曲，用作词调。又名《白蘋香》、《步虚词》、《晚香时候》、《玉炉三涧雪》、《江月令》，另有《西江月慢》。
恨玉：指失意抱恨的女子。
十香：十指。啼绡（xiāo）：泪水打湿手绢。
殷云：阴云，乌云。度雨：过雨，下雨。
钗分燕尾：钗是双股的，分开如燕尾形状。
镜减鸾腰：照镜人消瘦。古时女子多以鸾自比。
蛮江：荒江。古时将南方少数民族居住的荒僻之处称为蛮荒之地。
豆蔻：多年生草本植物，外形似芭蕉，花淡黄色，种子形状像石榴子，有香味，能入药。
参横：参星已落，表示夜久将晓。
参考资料：
1、（宋）周密选；秦寰明，萧鹏注析．绝妙好词注析：三秦出版社，1993.09：第69页
2、（南宋）周密编选．绝妙好词：吉林出版集团有限责任公司，2011.10：第61页
西江月·四壁空围恨玉创作背景
据《绝妙好词笺》引楼钥《攻娩集·书张武子诗后》，张良臣闭门读书，室中空无一物。平时不勉强写作，或终年无一语，故所作必绝人。此词为孝宗隆兴元年(1163)进士后秋闺伤离念远之作，造语别致，情味深厚。
参考资料：
1、[南宋]周密选编．绝妙好词：岳麓书社，2005.1：第60页
西江月·四壁空围恨玉鉴赏
开篇两句写思妇独处空闺，泪落湿巾的情景，对仗工整，情景凄凉。句中的“空”、“恨”、“啼”诸字都带有强烈的感情色彩，由意态直接触及到心灵，将思妇相思的情，落寞无依的苦态描摹得维妙维肖，鲜活感人。
“殷云度雨井桐凋，雁雁无书又到。”这二句前句写景，点明时节，又是“秋雨梧桐落叶时”。后句言事，写意中人自离乡背井、远去他乡后，音信全无。句中“雁雁”二字的重复，突出了思妇的企盼之切和寄望之厚。“又”字则更深刻地传达出了思妇的极端失望之情，这种重复的失望要比直接否定的“不”字更让人难以忍受。这些企盼、寄望与极端失望的对比，让读者在为思妇不堪的处境感到悲伤的同时，更由衷佩服词人高超的驾驭语言文字的能力。
“别后钗分燕尾，病余镜减鸾腰。”换头二句，前句用比喻的手法，用发钗的分岔开来喻示二人的分离，后句写思妇因相思而日渐憔悴，衣带渐宽的情状，突出了其用意的深挚。
“蛮江豆蔻影连梢，不道参横易晓。”句中“豆蔻”二字暗引唐杜牧《赠别》诗中“娉娉袅袅十三余，豆蔻梢头二月初”之句，点明思妇正值豆蔻年华，却寂寞无侣，孤单一人。于是，对意中人的思念、哀怨、嗔怒之情都由此生发出来，溢于言外给读者留下了想象的空间。
全词上片首二句写其独居幽恨。人去屋空，形单影只，每日只以泪洗面。而殷云带雨，浓添离愁，雁过尽而不至，倍觉沉痛哀婉。下片写别后相思，钗分燕股，鸾镜腰损，本已不堪。豆蔻映水尚能梢影相连，人却如参商永分，况长夜难眠，参横西天，思念未已乎。哀婉沉郁，令人心碎。
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顾夐《
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河传·燕飏》
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韦庄《
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浣溪沙·惆怅梦余山月斜》
张良臣简介
唐代·张良臣的简介
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张良臣（约公元1174年前后在世）字武子，大梁人，避地家于鄞。生卒年均不详，约宋孝宗淳熙初前后在世。隆兴元年，（公元1163年）登进士第。官止监左藏库。笃学好古，室无长物，妻子不免饥寒。性嗜诗，但不强作，或终年无一句，故所作必绝人。学者称雪窗先生。良臣著有雪窗集十卷，《绝妙好词笺》传于世。
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