怀旧诗伤谢朓
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南北朝]：沈约
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吏部信才杰，文峰振奇响。
调与金石谐，思逐风云上。
岂言陵霜质，忽随人事往。
尺璧尔何冤，一旦同丘壤。
怀旧诗伤谢朓译文及注释
译文
尚书吏部郎谢脁确是才杰，在文坛独树一帜不同凡响。
音调铿锵声律工稳谐金石，才思高华如追逐风云之上。
哪想到不畏严寒高洁品性，忽然卷入了人事纠纷死亡。
像尺璧一样的珍宝蒙大冤，构陷成狱死于非命归丘壤。
注释
吏部：指谢脁，谢脁曾为尚书吏部郎。
文峰：即词峰。峰，一作锋。
金石：指钟磬等乐器。谐：和谐。
思：才思。风云：形容高超。
陵霜质：指谢脁不畏强暴的品质。
人事：指新陈代谢、生死存亡的现象。
尺璧：径尺之璧。指谢脁是稀有的人才。
参考资料：
1、怀旧诗伤谢朓
怀旧诗伤谢朓鉴赏
这首诗以诗的形式，正确评价了谢脁的艺术成就及其地位，对这位文坛奇才过早地死于非命，表达了深切的同情和感伤。诗人沈约雅爱谢脁的五言诗，他经常赞叹：“二百年来无此诗也。”（《南齐书·谢脁传》）此诗前四句就是这一高度评价的具体化。诗人沈约认为，谢脁才华杰出，荦荦独占文坛鳌头，具有很高的地位。这是因为，其诗之“调”与“思”都与众不同。诗思高华，追风逐云，灵秀而飘逸，固非常人可以攀比；而诗的铿锵音调，优雅动听，都堪与音乐之声媲美，犹令人赏心惬意。这里的“调”，已不仅仅是指诗的自然音节，也兼指沈约、谢脁等人率先追求的诗的人工音律，即声律。诗人沈约醉心于追求诗的声律之美，他著《四声谱》，创“四声八病”之说。谢脁、王融等人积极响应，身体力行，把沈约的声律说运用于诗歌创作之中，开创了风靡一时的“永明体”。沈约和谢脁都是“永明体”的代表诗人，而“永明体”实际上成了古体诗向近体诗过渡的桥梁。由此可见，在对诗的“调”的认识与追求上，他们是灵犀相通、默契一致的。所以，沈约这里称赞谢脁诗“调与金石谐”，确是知音之评。
后四句对谢脁的不幸遭遇，寄寓了深切的同情。沈约这里先盛赞谢脁品质高洁，接着一曰“忽随人事往”，“人事往”指非自然死亡，而“忽随”二字更透露出非同寻常的意味，暗示谢脁是死于非命；二曰尺璧之质而与丘壤同污，埋没于地下，实在可叹可惜。这样，诗人便在这里着意造成了品质之优秀和生命之短暂的反差，由此发抒出对谢脁不幸遭际的无比惋惜之情，感情激烈、发露，溢于言表。
爱其美才而悲其横死，是此诗的主旋律。全诗评骘公允，不谀不贬，因而成为品评谢脁的千古不易之辞；真情率意，不假雕饰，因而又是千古悼亡怀友的传诵之作。
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沈约简介
唐代·沈约的简介
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沈约（441~513年），字休文，汉族，吴兴武康（今浙江湖州德清）人，南朝史学家、文学家。出身于门阀士族家庭，历史上有所谓“江东之豪，莫强周、沈”的说法，家族社会地位显赫。祖父沈林子，宋征虏将军。父亲沈璞，宋淮南太守，于元嘉末年被诛。沈约孤贫流离，笃志好学，博通群籍，擅长诗文。历仕宋、齐、梁三朝。在宋仕记室参军、尚书度支郎。著有《晋书》、《宋书》、《齐纪》、《高祖纪》、《迩言》、《谥例》、《宋文章志》，并撰《四声谱》。作品除《宋书》外，多已亡佚。
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