游园不值
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宋代]：叶绍翁
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应怜屐齿印苍苔，小扣柴扉久不开。
游园不值译文及注释
译文
也许是园主担心我的木屐踩坏他那爱惜的青苔，我轻轻地敲打柴门久久不开。
满园子的春色是关不住的，开得正旺的红杏有一枝枝条伸到墙外来了。
注释
游园不值：想游园没能进门儿。值，遇到；不值，没得到机会。
应怜：概是感到心疼吧。应，表示猜测；怜，怜惜。
屐（jī）齿：屐是木鞋，鞋底前后都有高跟儿，叫屐齿。
小扣：轻轻地敲门。
柴扉（fēi）：用木柴、树枝编成的门。
游园不值鉴赏
这首小诗写诗人春日游园所见所感，写的十分形象而又富有理趣。这首诗情景交融，千古传诵。不但表现了春天有着不能压抑的生机，而且流露出作者对春天的喜爱之情。描写出田园风光的幽静安逸、舒适惬意。这首诗还告诉我们一个道理：一切美好、充满生命的新鲜事物，必须按照客观规律发展，任何外力都无法阻挡。
“应怜屐齿印苍苔，小扣柴扉久不开”，交代作者访友不遇，园门紧闭，无法观赏园内的春花。但写得很幽默风趣，说大概是园主人爱惜园内的青苔，怕我的屐齿在上面留下践踏的痕迹，所以“柴扉”久扣不开。将主人不在家，故意说成主人有意拒客，这是为了给下面的诗句作铺垫。
由于有了“应怜屐齿印苍苔”的设想，才引出后两句更新奇的想象：虽然主人自私地紧闭园门，好像要把春色关在园内独赏，但“春色满园关不住，一枝红杏出墙来”。这后两句诗形象鲜明，构思奇特，“春色”和“红杏”都被拟人化，不仅景中含情，而且景中寓理，能引起读者许多联想，受到哲理的启示：“春色”是关锁不住的，“红杏”必然要“出墙来”宣告春天的来临。同样，一切新生的美好的事物也是封锁不住、禁锢不了的，它必能冲破任何束缚，蓬勃发展。
从诗意看，门前长有青苔，足见这座花园的幽僻，而主人又不在家，敲门很久，无人答应，更是冷清，可是红杏出墙，仍然把满园春色透露了出来。从冷寂中写出繁华，这就使人感到一种意外的喜悦。
这首诗在写作上有很多好处。其一是写春景而抓住了特点，突出了重点”。陆游《马上作》云：“平明小陌雨初收，淡日穿云翠霭浮。杨柳不遮春色断，一枝红杏出墙头。”用“杨柳”的金黄、嫩绿来衬托“红杏”的艳丽，可谓善于突出重点。叶绍翁这首诗应是从陆游诗中脱胎而来，用一“出”字把红杏拟人化，更是抓住了春景特点，突出了重点。其二是“以少总多”，含蓄蕴藉。比如“一枝红杏”就是“满园春色”具体而集中的表现，一枝红杏就代表了墙内百花。其三是景中有情，诗中有人，而且是优美的情、高洁的人。门虽设而常关，“小扣柴扉”又“久不开”，其人懒于社交，无心利禄，已不言可知。门虽常关，而满园春色却溢于墙外，其人怡情自然，丰神俊朗，更动人遐思。
其四是不仅景中含情，而且景中寓理，能够引起许多联想，从而给人以哲理的启示和精神的鼓舞。春色在这么一“关”一“出”之间，冲破围墙，溢出园外，显示出一种蓬蓬勃勃、关锁不住的生命力度。后人更赋予这两句诗以生活的哲理：新生事物一定会冲破重重困难，脱颖而出，蓬蓬勃勃地发展起来。这两句诗也便获得了新的生命，流传不绝。
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柳枝词》
叶绍翁简介
唐代·叶绍翁的简介
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