寻隐者不遇
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宋代]：魏野
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寻真误入蓬莱岛，香风不动松花老。
采芝何处未归来，白云遍地无人扫。
寻隐者不遇译文及注释
译文
寻仙问道，没成想却来到了蓬莱仙岛，这里到处香气弥漫，松花自落。
仙人到底去了哪里呢？怎么到至今还不回来，这满地的白云幸好没人打扫。
注释
隐者：隐士，脱离尘世回归自然的人，这里指所谓的仙人。
真：即仙人，道家称存养本性或修真得道的人为真人。蓬莱：又称“蓬壶”。神话中渤海里仙人居住的三座神山之一。
松花：松树的花。老：衰老，引申为花的衰老，即下落的意思。
采芝：摘采芝草。古以芝草为神草，服之长生，故常以“采芝”指求仙或隐居，此处代指作者所要寻找的仙人。
遍：一作“满”。
参考资料：
1、张鸣选注．宋诗选．北京：人民文学出版社，2004年：25
寻隐者不遇鉴赏
唐诗中寻访隐者不遇为题材的小诗有好几首。而似贾岛的《寻隐者不遇》最为后人激赏。魏野这首七绝的意境很像贾诗“松下问童子，言师采药去。只在此山中，云深不知处”。诗题中的“隐者”为谁，人们已不得而知，魏野本人即是宋初有名的隐士，他与不少隐逸者有交往，这里反映的就是诗人生活的这一方面，写的是隐者相寻，终未得遇。与贾岛诗相比，诗题虽同，内中含义却昭然有别。贾岛诗中，隐者在“云深不知处”，但毕竟“只在此山中”，还是有目标可见的，而此诗中的隐者，行迹更加漂泊不定，难以捉摸。
“寻真误入蓬莱岛”，首句点出寻访的地点，这位隐士看来是个道士，诗人称之为得道成仙的“真人”，足见敬仰之情。“误”二字，既说明诗人是不知不觉中来到此地的，也表现了他对此幽寂之景的惊异之情、“香风不动松花老”具休写所见之景。香风不动，松花自落，隐者居处之清幽可见。
第三句“采芝何处未归来”为一转折。贾岛诗中虽略去问句，却还有一回答的童子出现，魏野则将发问的对象也略去了。他自问自答道：满地白云，杳无行迹，隐者想必采灵芝去了。灵芝，历来被认为是长生不老之药，长在深山峭壁，来取不易，隐者这一去，何时归来就难么肯定了。诗人虽未能见到隐者，内心却向往之，他伫立于此，极目远眺，隐隐透出惘然若失的感情，诗篇已终，余音未了。
在宋初诗人中，魏野的风格是近于唐人的。《宋史》本传云：“野为诗精苦，有唐人风格，多警策句”。写访隐者不遇的诗，除贾岛一首外，唐人如高骈“落花流水认天台，半醉闲吟独自来。惆怅仙翁何处去，满庭红杏碧挑开”，李商隐“城廓休过识者稀，哀猿啼处有柴扉。沧江白石樵渔路，日暮归来雪满衣”，韦应物“九日驱驰一日闲，寻君不遇又空还，怪来诗思清人骨，门对寒流雪满山”等等，在唐诗中都属上乘之作。“意味闲雅”（蔡正孙语）是这些诗总的风格。魏野一生没有出仕，居处是“清泉环绕，旁对云山，景趣幽绝”（《宋史》本传），真宗遣使召之，他“闭户逾垣而遁”（《宋诗纪事》卷一），是个真隐士，他写的《寻隐者不遇》诗，于“闲雅”之外，就更有隐逸之风。前人称他诗风“平朴而常不事虚语”（《玉壶野史》），这首诗纯用白描手法，青松郁郁，白云悠悠，构成鲜明的艺术形象。将香风引入诗句，更使整个画面增辉。而这些都显示了隐者的高洁，表达了诗人的向往之情。
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魏野简介
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