殿前欢·楚怀王
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元代]：贯云石
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楚怀王，忠臣跳入汨罗江。
《离骚》读罢空惆怅，日月同光。
伤心来笑一场，笑你个三闾强，为甚不身心放？
沧浪污你，你污沧浪。
殿前欢·楚怀王译文及注释
译文
楚怀王不辨忠良，把忠心耿耿的屈原逼得投了汨罗江。读罢《离骚》我空自惆怅。屈子的精神品格可与日月争光。伤心之余只有苦笑一场。笑你这个三闾大夫心性太强，为什么不旷达超脱心胸开放？与其说是江水玷污了你，不如说是你玷污了汨罗江。
注释
楚怀王：战国时楚国的国君。公元前328－前299年在位。
忠臣跳入汨罗江：指屈原因楚怀王听信谗言，被放逐沅湘间，自沉汨罗江而死。汨罗江，湘江支流，在湖南省东北部。
日月同光：《史记.屈原贾生列传》称赞《离骚》“虽与日月争光可也”。
三闾：指屈原，他曾任三闾大夫。
沧浪污你，你污沧浪：《孟子.离娄上》云：“有孺子歌曰：‘沧浪之水清兮，可以濯我缨；沧浪之水浊兮，可以濯我足。’孔子曰：‘小子听之，清斯濯缨，浊斯濯足矣，自取之也。’”沧浪，汉水的下游，这里指汨罗江。
殿前欢·楚怀王鉴赏
首句以楚怀王三字喝起，气势森然。跟着说“忠臣跳入泪罗江”直接揭露和控诉历史和社会现实的不平。三、四句是诗人对屈原的景仰和对历史的沉思，种种伤感、迷惑、反思，尽在“空惆怅”三字之中。惆怅之余，又忽省悟。第五、六句说从伤心转为失笑，笑屈原过于固执，活得不够洒脱，不懂得从“忠臣”的硬壳中自我解放身心，落得可悲的下场。末句以问作结：“沧浪污你？你污沧浪？”诗人连对屈原投江也持非议态度，简直是石破天惊，令人不可思议。这样写，表面上荒诞不经，其实，对屈原的讽笑，不过是冷峭苦涩的反诘，以摆出玩世不恭的姿态蔑视现实，以说屈原不值得为现实牺牲进而彻底否定丑恶的现实。此曲下半首，抑圣为狂，寓曲于笑，能发人之所未发，是全曲最精警之处。朱权《太和正音谱》说作者散曲风格如“天马脱羁”，此曲命意奇诡洒脱，说明作者的思路确是谁也羁缚不住的。
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上一首：
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襄阳怀古》
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下一首：
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查德卿《
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蟾宫曲·怀古》
贯云石简介
唐代·贯云石的简介
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贯云石(1286～1324) 元代散曲作家。字浮岑，号成斋，疏仙，酸斋。出身高昌回鹘畏吾人贵胄，祖父阿里海涯为元朝开国大将。原名小云石海涯，因父名贯只哥，即以贯为姓。自号酸斋。初因父荫袭为两淮万户府达鲁花赤，让爵于弟，北上从姚燧学。仁宗时拜翰林侍读学士、中奉大夫，知制诰同修国史。不久称疾辞官，隐于杭州一带，改名“易服”，在钱塘卖药为生，自号“芦花道人”。今人任讷将他的散曲与自号“甜斋”。
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