琴台
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唐代]：杜甫
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茂陵多病后，尚爱卓文君。
野花留宝靥，蔓草见罗裙。
归凤求凰意，寥寥不复闻。
琴台译文及注释
译文
司马相如年老体衰时，依然像当初一样爱恋卓文君，二人的感情丝毫没有减弱。
司马相如家中贫寒，生活窘迫，于是他们便开酒舍维持生计。我在琴台之上徘徊，远望碧空白云。心中欣羡万分！
看到琴台旁的一丛野花，我觉得它就像卓文君当年的笑容；一丛丛碧绿的蔓草，就如同卓文君当年所穿的碧罗裙。
司马相如追求卓文君的千古奇事，后来几乎闻所未闻了。
注释
琴台：汉司马相如抚琴挑逗卓文君的地方，地在成都城外浣花溪畔。
茂陵：司马相如病退后，居茂陵，这里代指司马相如。多病：司马相如有消渴病，即糖尿病。
卓文君：汉才女，与司马相如相爱。
酒肆（sì）：卖酒店铺。
宝靥（yè）：妇女颊上所涂的妆饰物，又唐时妇女多贴花细于面，谓之靥饰。这里指笑容、笑脸。
蔓（màn）草：蔓生野草。罗裙：丝罗制的裙子，多泛指妇女衣裙。
凤凰：中国古代传说中的百鸟之王。雄为凤，雌为凰。
参考资料：
1、彭定求 等．全唐诗（上）：上海古籍出版社，1986：553
2、周伟思．历代爱情诗歌选：花山文艺出版社，1987：182-183
3、张金华．李白杜甫白居易名诗经典大全集：高等教育出版社，2010：267
琴台创作背景
这首诗约作于唐肃宗上元二年（761），是杜甫晚年在成都凭吊司马相如遗迹琴台之作。
参考资料：
1、张金华．李白杜甫白居易名诗经典大全集：高等教育出版社，2010：267
2、俞平伯．唐诗鉴赏辞典：上海辞书出版社，2013：574-575
琴台鉴赏
“茂陵多病后，尚爱卓文君”，起首凌空而下，从相如与文君的晚年生活着墨，写他俩始终不渝的真挚爱情。这两句是说，司马相如虽已年老多病，而对文君仍然怀着热烈的爱，一如当初，丝毫没有衰减。短短二句，不同寻常，用相如、文君晚年的相爱弥深，暗点他们当年琴心相结的爱情的美好。
“酒肆人间世”一句，笔锋陡转，从相如、文君的晚年生活，回溯到他俩的年轻时代。司马相如因爱慕蜀地富人卓王孙孀居的女儿文君，在琴台上弹《凤求凰》的琴曲以通意，文君为琴音所动，夜奔相如。这事遭到卓王孙的竭力反对，不给他们任何嫁妆和财礼，但两人决不屈服。相如家徒四壁，生活困窘，夫妻俩便开了个酒店，以卖酒营生。“文君当垆，相如身自著犊鼻褌，与庸保杂作，涤器于市中”（《史记·司马相如列传》）。一个文弱书生，一个富户千金，竟以“酒肆”来蔑视世俗礼法，在当时社会条件下，是要有很大的勇气的。诗人对此情不自禁地表示了赞赏。“琴台日暮云”句，则又回到诗人远眺之所见，景中有情，耐人寻味。我们可以想象，诗人默默徘徊于琴台之上，眺望暮霭碧云，心中自有多少追怀歆羡之情。“日暮云”用江淹诗“日暮碧云合，佳人殊未来”语，感慨今日空见琴台，文君安在，引出下联对“野花”、“蔓草”的联翩浮想。这一联，诗人有针对性地选择了“酒肆”、“琴台”这两个富有代表性的事物，既体现了相如那种倜傥慢世的性格，又表现出他与文君爱情的执着。前四句诗，在大开大阖、陡起陡转的叙写中，从晚年回溯到年轻时代，从追怀古迹到心中思慕，纵横驰骋，而又紧相钩连，情景俱出，而又神思邈邈。
“野花留宝靥，蔓草见罗裙”两句，再现文君光彩照人的形象。相如的神彩则伴随文君的出现而不写自见。两句是从“琴台日暮云”的抬头仰观而回到眼前之景：看到琴台旁一丛丛美丽的野花，使作者联想到它仿佛是文君当年脸颊上的笑靥；一丛丛嫩绿的蔓草，仿佛是文君昔日所着的碧罗裙。这一联是写由眼前景引起的，出现在诗人眼中的幻象。这种联想，既有真实感，又富有浪漫气息，宛似文君满面花般笑靥，身着碧草色罗裙已经飘然悄临。
结句“归凤求凰意，寥寥不复闻”，明快有力地点出全诗主题。这两句是说，相如、文君反抗世俗礼法，追求美好生活的精神，后来几乎是无人继起了。诗人在凭吊琴台时，其思想感情也是和相如的《琴歌》紧紧相连的。《琴歌》中唱道：“凤兮凤兮归故乡，遨游四海求其凰。······颉颉颃颃兮共翱翔。”正因为诗人深深地了解相如与文君，才能发出这种千古知音的慨叹。这里，一则是说琴声已不可再得而闻；一则是说后世知音之少。因此，《琴歌》中所含之意，在诗人眼中决不是一般后世轻薄之士慕羡风流，而是“颉颉颃颃兮共翱翔”的那种值得千古传诵的真情至爱。
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皮日休《
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汴河怀古二首》
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骆宾王《
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于易水送人》
杜甫简介
唐代·杜甫的简介
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杜甫（712－770），字子美，自号少陵野老，世称“杜工部”、“杜少陵”等，汉族，河南府巩县（今河南省巩义市）人，唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，杜甫被世人尊为“诗圣”，其诗被称为“诗史”。杜甫与李白合称“李杜”，为了跟另外两位诗人李商隐与杜牧即“小李杜”区别开来，杜甫与李白又合称“大李杜”。他忧国忧民，人格高尚，他的约1400余首诗被保留了下来，诗艺精湛，在中国古典诗歌中备受推崇，影响深远。759-766年间曾居成都，后世有杜甫草堂纪念。
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王迈
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弭节稽山乐事多，旧闻一一入搜罗。
卧薪伯业今何在，乔木家声久不磨。