野望
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唐代]：杜甫
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惟将迟暮供多病，未有涓埃答圣朝。(惟通：唯)
野望译文及注释
译文
西山终年积雪，三城都有重兵驻防；南郊外的万里桥，跨过泱泱的锦江。
海内连年战乱，几个兄弟音讯阻隔；彼此天涯海角，只我一人好不凄怆？
惟将迟暮的年光，交与多病的身躯；至今无点滴功德，报答贤明的圣皇。
我独自地骑马郊游，常常极目远望，世事一天天萧条，真叫人不堪想象。
注释
西山：在成都西，主峰雪岭终年积雪。三城：指松（今四川松潘县）、维（故城在今四川理县西）、保（故城在理县新保关西北）三州。城，一作“年”，一作“奇”。戍：防守。三城为蜀边要镇，吐蕃时相侵犯，故驻军守之。
南浦：南郊外水边地。清江：指锦江。万里桥：在成都城南。蜀汉费祎访问吴国，临行时曾对诸葛亮说：“万里之行，始于此桥。”这两句写望。
风尘：指安史之乱导致的连年战火。诸弟：杜甫四弟：颖、观、丰、占。只杜占随他入蜀，其他三弟都散居各地。
迟暮：这时杜甫年五十。供多病：交给多病之身了。供，付托。
涓埃：滴水、微尘，指毫末之微。
日：一作“自”。
参考资料：
1、彭定求 等．全唐诗（上）．上海：上海古籍出版社，1986年10月版：第556页
2、张忠纲．杜甫诗选：巴蜀书社，2004：174-175
3、萧涤非 等．唐诗鉴赏辞典：上海辞书出版社，1983
野望创作背景
唐肃宗上元元年（760）夏天，诗人杜甫在朋友的资助下，在四川成都郊外的浣花溪畔盖了一间草堂，在饱经战乱之苦后，生活暂时得到了安宁，妻子儿女同聚一处，重新获得了天伦之乐。这首诗作于定居草堂的第二年（上元二年，761）。
参考资料：
1、张忠纲．杜甫诗选：巴蜀书社，2004：174-175
野望鉴赏
诗以“野望”为题，是诗人跃马出郊时感伤时局、怀念诸弟的自我写照。
首两句写野望时所见西山和锦江。西山主峰终年积雪，因此以“白雪”形容。三城，在当时驻军严防吐蕃入侵，是蜀地要镇。
中间四句是野望时触发的有关国家和个人的感怀。三四句由战乱推出怀念诸弟，自伤流落的情思。海内外处处烽火，诸弟流散，此时“一身遥”客西蜀，如在天之一涯。诗人怀念家国，不禁“涕泪”横流。真情实感尽皆吐露不由人不感动。
五六句又由“天涯”“一身”引出残年“多病”，“未”贡微力，无补“圣朝”的内愧。杜甫时年五十，因此说已入“迟暮”之年。他叹息说：我只有将暮年付诸给“多病”之身，但“未有”丝毫贡献，报答“圣朝”，是很感惭愧的。
杜甫虽流落西蜀，而报效李唐王朝之心，却始终未改，足见他的爱国意识是很强烈的。中间四句，由于连用对偶尔将诗人的家国之忧，身世之感，特别是报效李唐王朝之心，艺术地得到有效概括。
七八句最后点出“野望”的方式和深沉的忧虑。“人事”，人世间的事。由于当时西山三城列兵防戍，蜀地百姓赋役负担沉重，杜甫深为民不堪命而对世事产生“日”转“萧条”的隐忧。这是结句用意所在。诗人从草堂“跨马”，走“出”南“郊”，纵目四“望”。“南浦清江万里桥”是近望之景。“西山白雪三城戍”，是远望之景。他由“三城戍”引出成乱的感叹，由“万里桥”兴起出蜀之意。这是中间四句有关家国和个人忧念产生的原因。
杜甫“跨马出郊”，“极目”四“望”，原本为了排遣郁闷。但爱国爱民的感情，却驱迫他由“望”到的自然景观引出对国家大事、弟兄离别和个人经历的种种反思。一时间，报效国家、怀念骨肉和伤感疾病等等思想感情，集结心头。尤其为“迟暮”“多病”发愁，为“涓埃”未“答”抱愧。
此诗前三联写野望时思想感情的变化过程，即由向外观察转为向内审视。尾联才指出由外向到内向的原因。在艺术结构上，颇有控纵自如之妙。
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杜甫《
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赠卫八处士》
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杜甫《
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旅夜书怀》
杜甫简介
唐代·杜甫的简介
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杜甫（712－770），字子美，自号少陵野老，世称“杜工部”、“杜少陵”等，汉族，河南府巩县（今河南省巩义市）人，唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，杜甫被世人尊为“诗圣”，其诗被称为“诗史”。杜甫与李白合称“李杜”，为了跟另外两位诗人李商隐与杜牧即“小李杜”区别开来，杜甫与李白又合称“大李杜”。他忧国忧民，人格高尚，他的约1400余首诗被保留了下来，诗艺精湛，在中国古典诗歌中备受推崇，影响深远。759-766年间曾居成都，后世有杜甫草堂纪念。
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