赠别
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唐代]：杜牧
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赠别译文及注释
韵译
聚首如胶似漆作别却象无情；
只觉得酒筵上要笑笑不出声。
案头蜡烛有心它还依依惜别；
你看它替我们流泪流到天明。
注释
多情句：意谓多情者满腔情绪，一时无法表达，只能无言相对，倒象彼此无情。
樽：酒杯。
赠别鉴赏
这一首着重写惜别，描绘与她的筵席上难分难舍的情怀。首名写离筵之上压抑无语，似乎冷淡无情；次句以“笑不成”点明原非无情，而是郁悒感伤，实乃多情，回应首句。
齐、梁之间的江淹曾经把离别的感情概括为“黯然销魂”四字。但这种感情的表现，却因人因事的不同而千差万别，这种感情本身，也不是“悲”、“愁”二字所能了得。杜牧此诗不用“悲”、“愁”等字，却写得坦率、真挚，道出了离别时的真情实感。
诗人同所爱不忍分别，又不得不分别，感情是千头万绪的。“多情却似总无情”，明明多情，偏从“无情”着笔，著一“总”字，又加强了语气，带有浓厚的感情色彩。诗人爱得太深、太多情，以至使他觉得，无论用怎样的方法，都不足以表现出内心的多情。别筵上，凄然相对，象是彼此无情似的。越是多情，越显得无情，这种GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>情人离别时最真切的感受，诗人把它写出来了。“唯觉樽前笑不成”，要写离别的悲苦，他又从“笑”字入手。一个“唯”字表明，诗人是多么想面对GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>情人，举樽道别，强颜欢笑，使所爱欢欣！但因为感伤离别，却挤不出一丝笑容来。想笑是由于“多情”，“笑不成”是由于太多情，不忍离别而事与愿违。这种看似矛盾的情态描写，把诗人内心的真实感受，说得委婉尽致，极有情味。
题为“赠别”，当然是要表现人的惜别之情。然而诗人又撇开自己，去写告别宴上那燃烧的蜡烛，借物抒情。诗人带着极度感伤的心情去看周围的世界，于是眼中的一切也就都带上了感伤色彩。这就是刘勰所说的：“属采附声，亦与心而徘徊”（《文心雕龙·物色》）。“蜡烛”本是有烛芯的，所以说“蜡烛有心”；而在诗人的眼里烛芯却变成了“惜别”之心，把蜡烛拟人化了。在诗人的眼里，它那彻夜流溢的烛泪，就是在为男女主人的离别而伤心了。“替人垂泪到天明”，“替人”二字，使意思更深一层。“到天明”又点出了告别宴饮时间之长，这也是诗人不忍分离的一种表现。
诗人用精炼流畅、清爽俊逸的语言，表达了悱恻缠绵的情思，风流蕴藉，意境深远，余韵不尽。就诗而论，表现的感情还是很深沉、很真挚的。杜牧为人刚直有节，敢论列大事，却也不拘小节，好歌舞，风情颇张，本诗亦可见此意。
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上一首：
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裴迪《
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崔九欲往南山马上口号与别》
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下一首：
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孟浩然《
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留别王侍御维》
杜牧简介
唐代·杜牧的简介
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杜牧（公元803－约852年），字牧之，号樊川居士，汉族，京兆万年（今陕西西安）人，唐代诗人。杜牧人称“小杜”，以别于杜甫。与李商隐并称“小李杜”。因晚年居长安南樊川别墅，故后世称“杜樊川”，著有《樊川文集》。
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