念奴娇·凤凰山下
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明代]：张红桥
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凤凰山下，恨声声玉漏、今宵易歇。三叠阳关歌未竞，哑哑栖鸟催别。含怨吞声，两行清泪，渍透千重铁。重来休问，尊前已是愁绝。
还忆浴罢描眉，梦回携手，踏碎花间月。漫道胸前怀豆蔻，今日总成虚设。桃叶津头，莫愁湖畔，远树云烟叠。寒灯旅邸，荧荧与谁闲说？
念奴娇·凤凰山下译文及注释
译文
凤凰山下，恨声声玉漏为何不在今霄停歇。送别的三叠阳关曲还未唱完，城上啼鸟已经催人离别。一缕相思之情两行凄清的泪水，把衾被浸透冰冷如铁。再不要问今后相会之事，离别的杯前早巳愁苦至绝。
曾记得浴后你给我描属梳鬓，还记得梦醒后我们手挽手踏碎花间明月。不要再空忆往日豆蔻年华时的旧事了，今后这些美好之事再难办到。南京桃叶渡口莫愁湖畔，远树云重重叠叠。夜阑人静帘幕空空，当我去剪灯花时，这绵绵相思之情又向谁诉说？
注释
凤凰山；此指福建同安之大风山。
阳关：即《阳关曲》，因须重复唱三次，故谓三叠。此泛指离别之曲。
哑哑：形容鸦啼的声音。
渍（zi）：浸；沾。
描眉：《汉书·张敞传》载：西汉张敝，夫妻恩爱。妻子梳洗时，敞为其画眉。后以此形容夫妻恩爱。
怀：揣。
豆蔻：俗名“含胎花”，有香味，象征处子，旧传宜女子佩带。
桃叶津、莫愁湖：均南京城名胜，与旧时男女风情传说有关。
旅邸（di）：邸，高级官员的住所。此泛指一般旅舍。
荧荧：形容灯光闪烁的样子。
参考资料：
1、林霄选编．唐宋元明清名家词选：贵州民族出版社，2005.08：第246页
2、郭彦全编著．历代词今译：首都师范大学出版社，1994.09：第441页
念奴娇·凤凰山下创作背景
张红桥因说“欲得才如李青莲者事之耳”，于是四方才子纷纷投诗。经过严格筛选，最后终于选中了谱署林鸿。从此二人诗词唱和，感情甚笃。后来林鸿游金陵，行前作《大江东去》留别，于是红桥就和了这首《念奴娇》。
参考资料：
1、仉凤峨选析．历代女性诗词曲精粹：云南教育出版社，2007.1：第238页
念奴娇·凤凰山下鉴赏
此词一片纯情，出自肺腑，虽不假雕饰，而感人之力犹强。
词的上片写夫妻惜别情景，作者把笔墨的焦距，对准在临别之夜的焦点上。
“凤凰山下，恨声声玉漏、今宵易歇。”前两句点明惜别的地点、时间，同时也渲染气氛，暗寓作者的感受。就地点而言，作者从大处落墨；至于具体的环境，是在饯别的宴席上，还是在闺房之中夫妻俩就着摇曳的烛光对酌，作者均不作进一步的交待，她更敏感的是对时间飞逝的感觉。她恨那时间的尺度——玉漏，怎么今夜一声一声，这么快就要滴完了。因“恨”，故觉时光“易”逝，曲折地写出良宵苦短之情。
“三叠阳关歌未竞，哑哑栖鸟催别。”三、四句揭示出全词惜别主题，两人的心声尚未尽情倾吐，而城上的乌鸦不停地叫着，仿佛在催人道别。“阳关三叠”，揭出惜别主题；“栖乌催别”，烘托当时环境，而“催”字与上文“易”字均具美学上的“移情作用”，是带有作者强烈的主观色彩的感受。这两句是给“恨”字充实了具体的内容，揭示了此“恨”乃“离恨”。
“含怨吞声，两行清泪，渍透千重铁。”五、六、七句正面写惜别之苦，手法全用白描，夸张句想法奇特而不悖情理，极具感情力度。情如丝，正写出了此情不绝如缕之状，偏于写实；而两行清泪浸透千重铁，则用夸张的笔法，形象地刻画出刻骨铭心的相思之情。
“重来休问，尊前已是愁绝。”末两句是一跌宕。“重来”句已遥想到将来重逢之日，但“尊前”句又跌落到眼前“愁绝”的痛苦现实。在作者看来，夫婿一别，万念俱灰，她失去了生活的依靠，且不说日后重逢时“新婚不如久别”之类的安慰话，就是这眼前的痛苦，已使她柔肠寸断，无法承受了。
下片换头承上转折，追想恩爱之时的幸福与欢乐，与“愁绝”恰成反衬。
“还忆浴罢描眉，梦回携手，踏碎花间月。”“浴罢描眉”，作者的思绪从痛苦的巅峰折回到朝夕相处时的欢爱“浴罢描眉”，用典而不“隔”，概括了丈夫平日对她的体贴和宠爱；“梦回携手，踏碎花间月”，写尽夫妻之间的情意缱绻、兴趣相投，使人们仿佛目睹了这对恩爱夫妻穿行在花前月下，携手并肩，情话绵绵的情景。在一篇愁苦之辞中忽然插入这一段欢快之辞，作者的目的绝不是夸耀或自我陶醉，而恰恰相反，正是为了反衬今日的痛苦。
“漫道胸前怀豆蔻，今日总成虚设。”“豆蔻”是青春和爱情的象征，“漫道”两字透露出作者的灰心和失望，又以“虚设”两字回应“漫道”，说尽作者的万念俱灭。在古代社会里，生为妇女是一大悲哀，沦为妓女是更大的悲哀，身为妓女而又富于才情是最大的悲哀。作者出身青楼，虽然从良，但她仍逃不脱当小妾和受歧视的命运，丈夫一走，她失去了支持她的支柱，而她又不甘心让自己的人格遭人践踏，所以，她在与丈夫分别的前夜，感到了人生最大的失望。
“桃叶津头，莫愁湖畔，远树云烟叠。”桃叶津与莫愁湖指代南京，它们与上文的“凤凰山”构成遥远的空间距离，揭示出作者的孤独。“远树云烟叠”，意境迷茫，正与作者此时的心情相吻合。这是作者伫立窗前、翘首远望之所见，曲折地暗示了作者的心将伴随在丈夫的身边。
“寒灯旅邸，荧荧与谁闲说？”词的最后两句思绪再次宕开，揣想同丈夫分别后自己孤独凄凉、苦苦相思的情景。每当夜深人静，自己对着一盏孤灯和落在帘幕上的影子，相思之苦阵阵袭来，但她竟连一个可以倾吐衷肠的人都没有，只好在孤独和寂寞中品尝人生的苦酒。
这首词是古代妇女词作中不可多得的佳构，全词把千般情、万般愁巧妙地编织起来，感人肺腑、催人泪下。
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潘阆《
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张红桥简介
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福建闽县人，居红桥之西，因自号红桥。聪敏善诗文。豪右争欲委禽，红桥不可，欲得才如李青莲者事之。后归福清林鸿，鸿游金陵，感念成疾卒。
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宋代：
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邓深
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商馆非闲地，闲人偶在旁。
无端声利役，有许去来忙。