落第长安
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唐代]：常建
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家园好在尚留秦，耻作明时失路人。
恐逢故里莺花笑，且向长安度一春。
落第长安鉴赏
考场失意，千百年来就是读书人心中永远的伤痛，无数士人在仕进之旅中尝尽辛酸。古往今来，不知有多少文人墨客将这种情绪诉诸笔端。常建的《落第长安》和无名氏的《杂诗》就充分刻画了金榜无名的失望和痛苦，无颜归家的无奈与悲伤。
唐代诗人常建一生沉沦失意，《落第长安》是他落第失意之作。本诗以设疑起句，诗人本来有个充满幸福和温馨的家，但不能回去，还要留在异地他乡。这种设疑的手法，促使读者往下读。“耻”、“失路人”揭出了谜底——政治清明却金榜无名，作者这个落榜之人只能无限羞愧。
作者不回家，是因为害怕家乡的花鸟会耻笑于他。从“莺花笑”三个字可以充分感受到作者的羞愧之深。花鸟都会耻笑他，那么人会怎么样？结果不言而喻。诗人在这里运用拟人的手法移情于物，以虚写实，用“莺花笑”表现人的复杂情感，细腻而生动，让人回味无穷。
既然害怕遭人耻笑，那就不回去了吧。可有家哪能不回呢？对家园的思念又是那样的深切！诗人落第后的沮丧和有家难归的无奈在诗中表现得极为深切，我们仿佛听到了作者的无声呜咽，这种压抑的情感，更让人同情，更能引起失意人情感的共鸣。
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王和卿《
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蓦山溪·闺情》
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晏几道《
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留春令·画屏天畔》
常建简介
唐代·常建的简介
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常建(708-765)，唐代诗人，字号不详，有说是邢台人或说长安（今陕西西安）人，开元十五年与王昌龄同榜进士，长仕宦不得意，来往山水名胜，过着一个很长时期的漫游生活。后移家隐居鄂渚。大历中，曾任盱眙尉。
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