临江仙·夜登小阁忆洛中旧游
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宋代]：陈与义
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忆昔午桥桥上饮，坐中多是豪英。长沟流月去无声。杏花疏影里，吹笛到天明。
二十余年如一梦，此身虽在堪惊。闲登小阁看新晴。古今多少事，渔唱起三更。
临江仙·夜登小阁忆洛中旧游译文及注释
译文
回忆当年在午桥畅饮，在座的都是英雄豪杰。月光映在河面，随水悄悄流逝，在杏花的淡淡影子里，吹起竹笛直到天明。
二十多年的岁月仿佛一场春梦，我虽身在，回首往昔却胆战心惊。百无聊赖中登上小阁楼观看新雨初睛的景致。古往今来多少历史事迹，都让渔人在半夜里当歌来唱。
注释
临江仙：词牌名，又称《鸳鸯梦》、《雁后归》、《庭院深深》。双调，上片五句，押三平韵，三十字；下片同，共六十字。
午桥：在洛阳南面。坐中：在一起喝酒的人。
豪英：出色的人物。这两句说：想从前在午桥桥头饮宴，在一起喝酒的都是英雄好汉。
长沟流月：月光随着流水悄悄地消逝。去无声：表示月亮西沉，夜深了。
疏影：稀疏的影子。这两句说，在杏花稀疏的影子里吹起短笛，一直欢乐到天明。
二十余年：二十多年来的经历（包括北宋亡国的大变乱）。堪惊：总是心战胆跳。
新晴：新雨初晴。晴，这里指晴夜。渔唱：打鱼人编的歌儿。
三更：古代漏记时，自黄昏至指晓分为五刻，即五更，三更正是午夜。
参考资料：
1、《青少年经典阅读书系》编委会主编 ．宋词·中国文化长廊中的又一明珠 ：首都师范大学出版社 ，2012 ：135 ．
临江仙·夜登小阁忆洛中旧游创作背景
靖康之难后，宋室南渡，词人也因之开始了流亡生涯，饱受国破家亡的痛苦，历经颠沛流离。他在南宋都城临安回想起青壮年时在洛阳与友人诗酒交游的情景，不禁感叹今昔巨变，写下了这首词。
参考资料：
1、《青少年经典阅读书系》编委会主编 ．宋词·中国文化长廊中的又一明珠 ：首都师范大学出版社 ，2012 ：135 ．
临江仙·夜登小阁忆洛中旧游鉴赏
这首词通过回忆在洛阳的游乐来抒发作者对国家沦陷的悲痛和漂泊四方的寂寞。以对比的手法，明快的笔调，通过对旧游生活的回忆，抒发了北宋亡国后深沉的感慨。寥寥几笔，勾画出来的自我形象相当丰满。
上片忆旧。“忆昔午桥桥上饮，坐中多是豪英。”回想往昔在午桥桥上宴饮，在一起喝酒的人大多是英雄豪杰。用“忆”字开篇，直接了当把往事展开来。“午桥”是唐代白居易、刘禹锡、裴度吟诗唱和、举杯相欢的地方。作者青年时期，追寻遗韵，仰慕前贤，在故乡洛阳，与当时“豪英”一起，也在午桥宴饮聚会，把酒临风。“长沟流月去无声，杏花疏影里，吹笛到天明。”白天和朋友们在午桥畅饮，晚上围坐在杏树底下尽情地吹着悠扬的笛子，一直玩到天明，竟然不知道碧空的月光随着流水静悄悄地消失了。桥上欢歌笑语，桥下一片宁静，以静衬动。这三句写景叙事，优美自然，它如同明净澄澈的清水一样。特别是“杏花疏影里，吹笛到天明”两句，“杏花”则点明在春天的夜晚，豪杰们抚琴弄笛，那情致高雅的笛声此起彼伏。作者以初春的树林为背景，利用明月的清辉照射在杏花枝上所撒落下来的稀疏花影，与花影下吹奏出来的悠扬笛声，组成一幅富有空间感的恬静、清婉、奇丽的画面，将作者那种充满闲情雅兴的生活情景真实地反映了出来。
下片感怀。“二十余年如一梦，此身虽在堪惊。”作者在政和三年（1113年）做官后，曾遭谪贬；特别是靖康之变，北宋沦亡，他逃到南方，饱尝了颠沛流离、国破家亡的痛苦。残酷的现实和往昔的一切形成鲜明的对照，很自然会有一场恶梦的感触。这两旬概括了这段时间里国家和个人的激剧变化的情况。这里，作者以饱蘸着久历艰难和劫后余生的血泪的笔触，写下这感慨深沉的诗句，发人深思，启人遐想。经历了国破家亡，战事连连之后，曾在一起吟诗饮酒的豪杰们如今散落各方，九死一生，身世之感和家国之痛油然而生。接着写道：“闲登小阁看新晴。古今多少事，渔唱起三更。”“闲登”句是说：我闲散无聊地登上小阁，观看这雨后新晴的月色。这旬点题，写明作此词的时间、地点和心境。“新晴”与“长沟流月”照应，巧妙地将忆中之事与目前的处境联系起来，作者今昔不同的精神状况从中得以再现。“古今多少事，渔唱起三更。”把国家兴亡和人生的感慨都托之于渔唱，进一步表达作者内心寂寞悲凉的心情。古往今来的大事已经转瞬即逝了，只有把它们编成歌儿的渔夫，还在那半夜三更里低声歌唱。这是低沉的感叹，软弱的呻吟，无能为力的自我表白。这种看破世情、回避现实的消极态度，从侧面显示诗人对现实的极度不满，这是乱世怀古伤今的主题。
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黄庭坚《
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水调歌头·游览》
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辛弃疾《
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永遇乐·京口北固亭怀古》
陈与义简介
唐代·陈与义的简介
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陈与义(1090-1138)，字去非，号简斋，汉族，其先祖居京兆，自曾祖陈希亮迁居洛阳，故为宋代河南洛阳人（现在属河南）。他生于宋哲宗元祐五年(1090年)，卒于南宋宋高宗绍兴八年(1138年)。北宋末，南宋初年的杰出诗人，同时也工于填词。其词存于今者虽仅十余首，却别具风格，尤近于苏东坡，语意超绝，笔力横空，疏朗明快，自然浑成，著有《简斋集》。
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