赠去婢
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唐代]：崔郊
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公子王孙逐后尘，绿珠垂泪滴罗巾。
侯门一入深如海，从此萧郎是路人。(如海一作：似海)
赠去婢译文及注释
译文
公子王孙竞相争逐在后面，貌美的女子流泪湿透了罗巾。
一旦进入深幽如海的侯门，从此萧郎便成为了陌路之人。
注释
公子王孙：旧时贵族、官僚，王公贵族的子弟。
后尘：后面扬起来的尘土。指公子王孙争相追求的情景。
绿珠：西晋富豪石崇的宠妾，非常漂亮，这里喻指被人夺走的婢女。
罗巾：丝制手巾。
侯门：指权豪势要之家。
萧郎：原指梁武帝萧衍，南朝梁的建立者，风流多才，在历史上很有名气。后成为诗词中习用语，泛指女子所爱恋的男子。这里是作者自谓。
参考资料：
1、雅瑟 ．《唐诗三百首鉴赏大全集》 ：新世界出版社 ，2011 ：324-325页 ．
赠去婢创作背景
元和年间秀才崔郊的姑母有一婢女，生得姿容秀丽，与崔郊互相爱恋，后却被卖给显贵于頔。崔郊念念不忘，思慕无已。一次寒食，婢女偶尔外出与崔郊邂逅，崔郊百感交集，写下了这首《赠婢》。后来于頔读到此诗，便让崔郊把婢女领去，传为诗坛佳话。
参考资料：
1、萧涤非 等 ．《唐诗鉴赏辞典》 ：上海辞书出版社 ，1983 ：851页 ．
赠去婢鉴赏
这首诗写的是自己所爱者被劫夺的悲哀，但由于诗人的高度概括，便使它突破了个人悲欢离合的局限，反映了封建社会里由于门第悬殊所造成的爱情悲剧。诗的寓意颇深，表现手法含而不露，怨而不怒，委婉曲折。
“公子王孙逐后尘，绿珠垂泪滴罗巾”，上句用侧面烘托的手法，即通过对“公子王孙”争相追求的描写突出女子的美貌；下句以“垂泪滴罗巾”的细节表现出女子深沉的痛苦。公子王孙的行为正是造成女子不幸的根源，然而这一点诗人却没有明白说出，只是通过“绿珠”一典的运用曲折表达的。绿珠原是西晋富豪石崇的宠妾，传说她“美而艳，善吹笛”。赵王伦专权时，他手下的孙秀倚仗权势指名向石崇索取，遭到石崇拒绝。石崇因此被收下狱，绿珠也坠楼身死。用此典故一方面形容女子具有绿珠那样美丽的容貌，另一方面以绿珠的悲惨遭遇暗示出女子被劫夺的不幸命运。于看似平淡客观的叙述中巧妙地透露出诗人对公子王孙的不满，对弱女子的爱怜同情，写得含蓄委婉，不露痕迹。
“侯门一入深如海，从此萧郎是路人”，这两句没有将矛头明显指向造成他们分离隔绝的“侯门”，倒好像是说女子一进侯门便视自己为陌路之人了。但有了上联的铺垫，作者真正的讽意就很容易明白，之所以要这样写，一则切合“赠婢”的口吻，便于表达诗人哀怨痛苦的心情，更可以使全诗风格保持和谐一致，突出它含蓄蕴藉的特点。“侯门”，对应首句的“公子王孙”；“深如海”的比喻，表达出豪门威逼之下，弱者的绝望感受：无边无际，深不见底，得不到解脱。“一入”、“从此”两个关联词语，概括出寒门情侣长久、无止尽的痛苦，所表达的语气中透露出来的深沉的绝望，比那种直露的抒情更哀感动人，也更能激起读者的同情。“萧郎”和“路人”的鲜明对比，表明面对GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>情人，却只能形同陌路，揭示出豪门权贵约束人身自由、践踏人的情感的冷酷现实。
从语言上看，这首诗用词很准确。在封建社会里，造成这类人间悲剧的，上自皇帝，下至权豪势要，用“侯门”概括他们，恰当不过，比喻生动形象。诗人以此涛赠给心上人，既写女子的不幸，也描述了自己所爱被劫夺的哀痛，而造成这种痛苦的，正是那些只顾个人喜恶的侯门贵族、公子王孙。作者并没有直接指斥，但诗中流露出的弱者的哀怨、深沉的绝望，却比直露的指斥更厚重，也更能激起读者的同情。诗中的情感实际上也超越了一己的悲欢而具有普遍的社会意义。
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李贺《
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绿水词》
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冯延巳《
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虞美人·春山拂拂横秋水》
崔郊简介
唐代·崔郊的简介
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崔郊，唐朝元和间秀才，《全唐诗》中收录了他的一首诗。(《云溪友议》卷上、《唐朝纪事》卷五六)唐末范摅所撰笔记《云溪友议》中记载了这样一个故事:元和年间秀才崔郊的姑母有一婢女，生得姿容秀丽，与崔郊互相爱恋，后却被卖给显贵于頔。崔郊念念不忘，思慕无已。一次寒食，婢女偶尔外出与崔郊邂逅，崔郊百感交集，写下了这首《赠婢》。后来于頔读到此诗，便让崔郊把婢女领去，传为诗坛佳话。
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