普天乐·翠荷残
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元代]：滕宾
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翠荷残，苍梧坠。千山应瘦，万木皆稀，蜗角名，蝇头利。输与渊明陶陶醉，尽黄菊围绕东篱。良田数顷，黄牛二只，归去来兮。
普天乐·翠荷残译文及注释
译文
翠荷凋残，苍梧叶落；山也憔悴消瘦，树林稀疏枯残，俗世的虚名小利皆是过眼云烟。在识时知机，进退行藏的认识上，自己怎能与陶渊明相较。一想到归隐后满目黄菊绕东篱，自耕良田数顷、黄牛一只，就无比向往啊！
注释
蜗角名：如同蜗角那样的虚名，比喻渺小不足道的浮世虚名。
蝇头利：如同苍蝇头那样的小利。比喻非常微小的利润。
普天乐·翠荷残鉴赏
此为滕宾普天乐失题小令十一首的第三首，作者通过对秋景的描绘和对官场免得的批判，表现了归隐田园的志趣。此曲在构思上也颇有佳处。作者仍从写景入手，“翠荷”四句，写秋景。前二句是写眼前景，翠荷凋残，苍（深绿色）梧坠叶；后二句，一个“应”字耐人玩味，仿佛山若有情，山亦当憔悴消瘦。无情之物遂亦人格化，此用移情入景之法。
这四句写景，由近及远，由真切具体而至博大苍莽，层次分明；作者连用“残”、“坠”、“瘦”、“稀”四字，写出了百卉俱腓、草木摇落的萧瑟秋景，再加以“千山”、“万木”，极状空间范围之大，于是，疏木衰林、万物悲秋的肃杀之气，塞空而下，读之不减老杜“玉露凋伤枫树林，巫山巫峡气萧森”。“无边落森萧萧下”的气概。其实，春华秋实，秋天固化剂橙黄橘绿时，秋本无所悲，即如宋代杨万里所说：“秋气堪悲未必然。”但因作者有感于岁月迟暮，有如草木凋零，故觉秋景惨然多凄。回首人生旅途，大半生已过，却仍然碌碌风尘，为名缰利锁所羁。故紧拉着由景物转入人事，写出了“蜗角”、“蝇头”等四句。蜗角，典出《庄子·则阳》，去蜗牛左角上有触氏国，右角上有蛮氏国，“时相与争地而战，伏尸百万。”苏轼满庭芳词又有“蜗角虚名，蝇头微利。”这里用以表现作者对名利的鄙视。然而作者身羁官声，归隐之志未遂，在识时知机，进退行藏的认识上，应该承认自己是输与陶渊明了。一个“输”字，表现了作者对隐士陶渊明的倾慕和对自己未能及早归隐田园的悔恨，大有“觉今是而昨非”之意
“黄菊围绕”、“良田数顷、黄牛一只”是作者预想归后田园生活的蓝图。一想到躬耕田亩，远离风波的自由自在，便欣然神往，故煞句以“归去来兮”表示其浩然归志。
此曲以景起兴，以情作结，皆统一于落叶归根这一主旨上。中间虚实交错，景与情，古与今，人与我，眼前与未来，时空腾挪跌宕，有对比、有反思、有展望。曲辞曲折而横放，语调苍凉而愤激。
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上一首：
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张可久《
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清江引·秋怀》
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下一首：
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李清照《
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滕宾简介
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黄州黄冈人，字玉霄，一名宾。喜纵酒，其谈笑笔墨，为人传诵。武宗至大间任翰林学士，出为江西儒学提举。后弃家，入天台山为道士。有《玉霄集》。
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