摸鱼儿·午日雨眺
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清代]：纳兰性德
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涨痕添、半篙柔绿，蒲梢荇叶无数。台榭空蒙烟柳暗，白鸟衔鱼欲舞。红桥路，正一派、画船萧鼓中流住。呕哑柔橹，又早拂新荷，沿堤忽转，冲破翠钱雨。
蒹葭渚，不减潇湘深处。霏霏漠漠如雾，滴成一片鲛人泪，也似汨罗投赋。愁难谱，只彩线、香菰脉脉成千古。伤心莫语，记那日旗亭，水嬉散尽，中酒阻风去。
摸鱼儿·午日雨眺译文及注释
译文
雨后水涨，嫩绿的水面已涨至半篙，蒲柳和荇叶无数。亭台楼榭迷蒙一片，柳枝暗沉，白鸟衔着鱼儿飞掠欲舞。画桥外，路幽长。画船齐发，箫鼓阵阵，在水中央流连。随着轻柔的划桨之声，船早巳拂过新荷，沿着河堤忽转，冲破新荷出生时所下之雨。
长满芦苇的洲渚，丝毫不亚于潇湘深处。雨纷纷而下，迷迷蒙蒙，如雾一般，恰似鲛人的眼泪，亦如正作赋投江以凭吊屈原。愁意难以谱写，只是用彩线缠裹香菰以纪念屈原的习俗，千古流传。一片伤心，沉默不语。记得那日在酒楼中，待到水上游戏做罢，人群散尽，我饮酒至半酣，迎风而行。
注释
摸鱼儿：词牌名。一名“摸鱼子”，又名“买陂塘”“迈陂塘”双蕖怨“等。唐教坊曲，后用为词牌。宋词以晁补之《琴趣外篇》所收为最早。双片一百一十六字，前片六仄韵，后片七仄韵。午日：五月初五日，即端阳节日。
涨痕，涨水的痕迹。柔绿，嫩绿，此处代指嫩绿之水色，蒲：蒲柳，即水杨。荇：多年生草本植物，叶呈对生圆形，可食。
③烟柳：谓烟雾笼罩的柳林。
呕哑（ōu yā）柔橹（lǔ）：谓船行水面橹篙划水发出轻柔的水声。呕哑：象水声。
翠钱雨：指新荷生出时所下的雨。翠钱：新荷之雅称。
蒹葭渚：长满芦苇的洲渚。
鲛人：神话传说中的人鱼。
汨罗投赋：战国时楚诗人屈原忧愤国事，投汨罗江(湘江支流)而死。后人写诗作赋投入江中，以示凭吊。
“愁难谱”二句：谓满怀忧怨哀愁难以表达，只有凭借用彩线缠裹香菰投入江中以示这千古的脉脉哀思了。菰（gū）米：即菱白。其食为菰米，亦称雕胡米，可食。
旗亭：酒楼。因悬旗为酒招，故名。
参考资料：
1、纳兰性德著；崇贤书院释译．,图解纳兰词：黄山书社，2016.03：第292页
摸鱼儿·午日雨眺创作背景
该词具体创作年份未知。从词的副标题“午日雨眺”可以看出，这首词写于五月初五端午节，纳兰雨中凭眺生情，感怀而作。
参考资料：
1、聂小晴，泉凌波，闫晗编著．纳兰容若词传 仓央嘉措诗文传合集：中国华侨出版社，2012.05：第313页
摸鱼儿·午日雨眺鉴赏
“涨痕添、半篙柔绿，蒲稍荇叶无数。”涨水后留下痕迹，水草丰茂，春景过渡到夏景的景象在词的开篇展露无疑，宋苏东坡《书李世南所画秋景》诗：“野水参差落涨痕，疏林欹倒出霜根。”纳兰虽然是取意境其中，但也运用得恰到好处。
“空蒙台榭烟丝暗，白鸟衔鱼欲舞。”柳条随风舞动，如烟似梦，而白鹭捕鱼的姿势很是优美，犹如舞蹈一般。纳兰欣赏着这美好的景物，仿佛置身于画中一般，“桥外路。正一派、画船箫鼓中流住。呕哑柔橹，又早拂新荷，沿堤忽转，冲破翠钱雨”。上片是写景，写出景色之美，而让读词的人也深陷其中，感受着这看似普遍，但却别有风味的景物，而到下片开始，则是借景抒情了。
“蒹葭渚，不减潇湘深处。”愁绪蔓延开来，深深荡漾开去，而霏霏细雨，细密如针织，仿佛雾气一样笼罩在四空，“霏霏漠漠如雾。滴成一片鲛人泪，也似泪罗投赋。”如同泪雨一样，好似是在为投江自尽的屈原悼念默哀。
纳兰心中的愁绪难以谱写，只有写入词章，以来聊表心意，“愁难谱。只彩线、香菰脉脉成千古。伤心莫语。”无言以对伤心事，看到这美好景色，却难以提起兴致，虽然是借着祭奠屈原来写出心中惆怅，但其实纳兰祭奠的是自己那无法言说的哀愁。
“记那日旗亭，水嬉散尽，中酒阻风去。”记住这美好的景象吧，不要总是记住过去悲伤的事情，那样只能苦了自己。
词人对屈原的凭吊语其实隐含了词人自己的今昔之慨和身世之感。同时这首词的亮点是，前面描绘的景色并非显得哀怨凄清，而后面抒情则细腻委婉哀怨，前后形成较大的对比，如此大的转折，更使这首词所抒之情深厚郁勃，沉致幽婉了。全词通过运用典故，寓情于景，将词人的愁绪与对恋人的思念之情表达地淋漓尽致。
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殷尧藩《
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同州端午》
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张建封《
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竞渡歌》
纳兰性德简介
唐代·纳兰性德的简介
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纳兰性德（1655－1685），满洲人，字容若，号楞伽山人，清代最著名词人之一。其诗词“纳兰词”在清代以至整个中国词坛上都享有很高的声誉，在中国文学史上也占有光采夺目的一席。他生活于满汉融合时期，其贵族家庭兴衰具有关联于王朝国事的典型性。虽侍从帝王，却向往经历平淡。特殊的生活环境背景，加之个人的超逸才华，使其诗词创作呈现出独特的个性和鲜明的艺术风格。流传至今的《木兰花令·拟古决绝词》——“人生若只如初见，何事秋风悲画扇？等闲变却故人心，却道故人心易变。”富于意境，是其众多代表作之一。
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华岳
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雁行临慰暖如春，玉粒金包即拜恩。
周粟不肥清圣肉，楚丝难系直臣魂。
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惧衰
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明代：
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吴与弼
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少壮空缠疾病过，光阴况复迅如梭。蹉跎容易入衰境，此德此身将奈何。