访妙玉乞红梅
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清代]：曹雪芹
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不求大士瓶中露，为乞孀娥槛外梅。
槎枒谁惜诗肩瘦，衣上犹沾佛院苔。
访妙玉乞红梅鉴赏
从人物描绘上说，邢岫烟、李纹、薛宝琴都是初出场的角色，应该有些渲染。但她们刚到贾府，与众姊妹联句作诗照理不应喧宾夺主，所以芦雪庵联句除薛宝琴所作尚多外，仍只突出史湘云。众人接着要她们再赋红梅诗，是作者的补笔，借此机会对她们的身份特点再作一些提示，而且是通过诗句来暗示的。作者曾借王熙凤的眼光介绍邢岫烟虽“家贫命苦”，“竟不像邢夫人及他的父母一样，却是个极温厚可疼的人”（《红楼梦》第四十九回）。她的诗中红梅冲寒而放，与春花难辨，虽处冰雪之中而颜色不同寻常，隐约地包含着这些意思。李纹姊妺是李纨的寡婶的女儿，从诗中泪痕皆血、酸心成灰等语来看，也有不幸遭遇，或是表达丧父之痛。“寄言蜂蝶”莫作轻狂之态，可见其自恃节操，性格上颇有与李纨相似之处，大概是注重儒家“德教”的李守中一族中共同的环境教养所造成的。薛宝琴是“四大家族”里的闺秀，豪门千金的“奢华”气息比其他人都要浓些。小说中专为她的“绝色”有过一段抱红梅、映白雪的渲染文字。她的诗犹如是在作自画像一样。贾宝玉自称“不会联句”，又怕“韵险”，作限题、限韵诗每每“落第”。他恳求大家说：“让我自己用韵罢，别限韵了。”这并非由于他才疏思钝，而是他的性格不喜欢那些形式上人为的羁缚。为了证明这一点，就让他被“罚”再写二首不限韵的诗来咏他自己的实事。所以，这一次史湘云“鼓”未绝，而贾宝玉诗已成。随心而作的诗就有创新，如：“割紫云”之喻借李贺的诗句而不师其意，“沾佛院苔”的话也未见之于前人的作品。诗歌处处流露其性情。“入世”、“离尘”，令人联想到贾宝玉的“来历”与归宿。不求“瓶中露”，只乞“槛外梅”，贾宝玉后来的出家并非为了修炼成佛，而是想逃避现实，“蹈于铁槛之外”。这些，至少在艺术效果上增强了全书情节结构精细严密的效果。
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曹雪芹《
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咏红梅花得“红”字》
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曹雪芹《
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咏红梅花得“梅”字》
曹雪芹简介
唐代·曹雪芹的简介
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曹雪芹，名霑，字梦阮，号雪芹，又号芹溪、芹圃。清代著名文学家，小说家。先祖为中原汉人，满洲正白旗包衣出身。素性放达，曾身杂优伶而被钥空房。爱好研究广泛：金石、诗书、绘画、园林、中医、织补、工艺、饮食等。他出身于一个“百年望族”的大官僚地主家庭，因家庭的衰败饱尝人世辛酸，后以坚韧不拔之毅力，历经多年艰辛创作出极具思想性、艺术性的伟大作品《红楼梦》。
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