望海潮·自题小影
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清代]：谭嗣同
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曾经沧海，又来沙漠，四千里外关河。骨相空谈，肠轮自转，回头十八年过。春梦醒来么？对春帆细雨，独自吟哦。惟有瓶花，数枝相伴不须多。
寒江才脱渔蓑。剩风尘面貌，自看如何？鉴不因人，形还问影，岂缘醉后颜酡？拔剑欲高歌。有几根侠骨，禁得揉搓？忽说此人是我，睁眼细瞧科。
望海潮·自题小影译文及注释
译文
曾经走南闯北，如今又一次来到西北，路途中经历了众多山河关隘，人的形体相貌决定不了命运，内心的悲痛和忧思不能用言语来描述，回头一想十八年已经过去。从春梦中还能醒来么？细雨滋润万物，春风鼓荡船帆，小影中的我，在这充满生机与希望的季节，独自吟哦。只剩下瓶花，数枝已经足够了。
刚由湖湘之地来到这里，饱经风霜，揽镜自照，但见满面风尘，镜子不会随人的意愿，感到自己形貌变化之大，难道是我醉酒后发红的脸色只是形貌发生变化吗？拔出锋利的宝剑想要高声歌唱，有多少侠义之骨，经得起揉搓？说的这个人是我，睁眼细看难以相信。
注释
望海潮：词牌名，一百零七字，双调，前片五平韵，后片六平韵，一韵到底。
骨相：指人的骨骼、相貌。古人以骨相推论人的命运和性格。如《东观汉记》载，相者谈班超为万里侯相即是。
肠轮：指忧郁伤感，心绪不宁。
春梦：春日之梦，常喻世事无常，繁华易逝。
吟哦：有节奏地背诵、朗读。
鉴：镜子。
“形还”句：陶渊明有《形赠影》、《影答形》、《神释》三章，总称《形影神诗三首》。
颜酡（tuó）：醉后脸色发红。
科：传统戏剧中角色的动作叫科。此指影相的动作姿态。
参考资料：
1、褚斌杰．中国历代诗词精品鉴赏 （下册）：青海人民出版社，2001年1月：第196-197页
望海潮·自题小影创作背景
谭嗣同十一岁时即随父居湖北巡抚任上，十三岁又随父迁官甘肃。十五岁曾回湖南读书，两年以后又从家乡浏阳动身再返西北。该词创作于光绪八年（1882），当时作者已满十八岁，居于甘肃兰州他父亲谭继洵的任所，是谭嗣同为题写自家小像而填。
参考资料：
1、萧涤非，刘乃昌．中国文学名篇鉴赏·词赋卷：山东大学出版社，2007年10月：第213页
望海潮·自题小影鉴赏
“曾经沧海，又来沙漠，四千里外关河"，开头便写出了广博的气势，茫茫宇宙，“沧海”“沙漠”“关河”，几个词汇表示他努力探索并思想日渐成熟。唐代诗人元稹曾有诗句为“曾经沧海难为水，除却巫山不是云”，陆游也曾有“关河梦断何处？”之句，被作者借用过来，意境深远广邃。“骨相空谈”句，进一步加深了开头几句的意思，说明自己的人生经历和思想的变化。接下来一句问句，“春梦醒来么？”承前启后，劝世人不要徒做无益的春秋大梦了，应该清醒地认识这个世界，“惟有瓶花”，没有生命力的几枝花。当然就没有希望，词人这里委婉地评价了当时的时局，晚清实际上已经朝不保夕了，但以慈禧为首的封建保守派依然以“天朝大国“自居，仍然穷奢极欲，其结果必然是亡国。
词的下片描写相片中人物的神态，“寒江才脱渔蓑。剩风尘面貌，自看如何“几句，是说明自己参政的事实，甲午战争后，谭嗣同是江苏知府，后来又加四品卿衔，充军机章京，这时他不是在野的隐士了，“脱渔蓑”，穿红袍，但当时是固守派当权的时候，所以有到“寒江”的感觉。“鉴不因人，形还问影，岂缘酒后颜酡“几句是说：小像脸上有异，是不是因为喝醉了酒而脸红，《楚辞》中有句“美人既醉，朱颜酡些”，被作者借用到自己的词里，实际上脸红是因为愤怒，愤怒当时的恶劣政治环境。”拔剑欲高歌，有几根侠骨。禁得揉搓”，面对这种社会现实，词人激流勇进，拔维新之创，直刺清廷中的顽固守旧势力。“忽说此人是我，睁眼细瞧科”，词的结尾以一种调侃的口吻自嘲，流露出作者无限的感想，同时又生趣味，显得生动活泼。
这首词感情强烈真挚，直抒胸臆，是谭嗣同词作中的佼佼者。同时也是晚清词作中的很有特色的一篇。
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陆游《
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水调歌头·多景楼》
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陈维崧《
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沁园春·十万琼枝》
谭嗣同简介
唐代·谭嗣同的简介
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谭嗣同（1865—1898），字复生，号壮飞，汉族，湖南浏阳人，是中国近代资产阶级著名的政治家、思想家，维新志士。他主张中国要强盛，只有发展民族工商业，学习西方资产阶级的政治制度。公开提出废科举、兴学校、开矿藏、修铁路、办工厂、改官制等变法维新的主张。写文章抨击清政府的卖国投降政策。1898年参加领导戊戌变法，失败后被杀，年仅三十三岁，为“戊戌六君子”之一。代表作品《仁学》、《寥天一阁文》、《莽苍苍斋诗》、《远遗堂集外文》等。
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