己亥岁二首·僖宗广明元年
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唐代]：曹松
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凭君莫话封侯事，一将功成万骨枯。
谁道沧江总无事，近来长共血争流。
己亥岁二首·僖宗广明元年译文及注释
译文
富饶的水域江山都已绘入战图，百姓想要打柴割草度日而不得。
请你别再提什么封侯的事情了，一将功成要牺牲多少士卒生命！
传说一旦开战连众神灵都发愁，两岸军队连年混战一直不停休。
谁还说沧江总是太平没有祸事，近来江水混着鲜血争先向东流。
注释
己亥：为唐僖宗乾符六年（879年）的干支。
泽国：泛指江南各地，因湖泽星罗棋布，故称。
樵苏：一作“樵渔”。
传闻：一作“波间”。
己亥岁二首·僖宗广明元年创作背景
此诗题下注：“僖宗广明元年（880）。”按“己亥”为广明前一年即乾符六年（879年）的干支，此诗大约是在广明元年（880年）追忆前一年时事而作。
参考资料：
1、周啸天 等．唐诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1983：1319-1320
己亥岁二首·僖宗广明元年鉴赏
这组诗载于《全唐诗》卷七百一十七。下面是四川大学文学与新闻学院教授、四川诗词学会理事周啸天先生对组诗第一首的赏析。
“己亥岁”这个醒目的诗题，就点明了诗中所写的是活生生的社会政治现实。
安史之乱后，战争先在河北，后来蔓延入中原。到唐末又发生大规模农民起义，唐王朝进行穷凶极恶的镇压，大江以南也都成了战场。这就是所谓“泽国江山入战图”。诗句不直说战乱殃及江汉流域（泽国），而只说这一片河山都已绘入战图，表达委婉曲折，让读者通过一幅“战图”，想象到兵荒马乱、铁和血的现实，这是诗人运用形象思维的一个成功例子。
随战乱而来的是生灵涂炭。打柴为“樵”，割草为“苏”。樵苏生计本来艰辛，无乐可言。然而，“宁为太平犬，勿为乱世民”，在流离失所、挣扎于生死线上的“生民”心目中，能平平安安打柴割草以度日，也就快乐了。只可惜这种樵苏之乐，此时亦不可复得。用“乐”字反衬“生民”的不堪其苦，耐人寻味。
古代战争以取首级之数计功，战争造成了残酷的杀戮，人民的大量死亡。这是血淋淋的现实。诗的前两句虽然笔调轻描淡写，字里行间却有斑斑血泪。这就自然逼出后两句沉痛的呼告。
“凭君莫话封侯事，一将功成万骨枯。”这里“封侯”之事，是有现实针对性的：公元879年（乾符六年，即“己亥岁”）镇海节度使高骈就以在淮南镇压黄巢起义军的“功绩”，受到封赏，无非“功在杀人多”而已。令人闻之发指，言之齿冷。无怪诗人闭目摇手道“凭君莫话封侯事”了。一个“凭”字，意在“请”与“求”之间，语调比言“请”更软，意谓：行行好吧，可别提封侯的话啦。词苦声酸，全由此一字推敲得来。
“一将功成万骨枯”，更是一篇之警策。它词约而义丰。与“可怜白骨攒孤冢，尽为将军觅战功”（张蠙《吊万人冢》）之句相比，字数减半而意味倍添。它不仅同样含有“将军夸宝剑，功在杀人多”（刘商《行营即事》）的现实内容；还更多一层“士卒涂草莽，将军空尔为”（李白《战城南》）的意味，即言将军封侯是用士卒牺牲的高昂代价换取的。其次，一句之中运用了强烈对比手法：“一”与“万”、“荣”与“枯”的对照，令人触目惊心。“骨”字极形象骇目。这里的对比手法和“骨”字的运用，都很接近“朱门酒肉臭，路有冻死骨”的惊人之句。它们从不同侧面揭示了封建社会历史的本质，具有很强的典型性。前三句只用意三分，词气委婉，而此句十分刻意，掷地有声，相形之下更觉字字千钧。
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骆宾王《
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高适《
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杂曲歌辞·蓟门行五首》
曹松简介
唐代·曹松的简介
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曹松（828——903），唐代晚期诗人。字梦徵。舒州（今安徽桐城，一今安徽潜山）人。生卒年不详。早年曾避乱栖居洪都西山，后依建州刺史李频。李死后，流落江湖，无所遇合。光化四年(901)中进士，年已70余，特授校书郎（秘书省正字）而卒。
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