送王司直
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唐代]：皇甫曾
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西塞云山远，东风道路长。
人心胜潮水，相送过浔阳。
送王司直鉴赏
鉴赏一
原诗以“西塞云山远，东风道路长”二句开头。对偶轻盈脱俗，工稳端丽。“西塞”是行人的目的地。云山远隔，只在想望之中．诗人的朋友即将乘舟前往。西塞山在湖北，浔阳江在江西，船行是由东向西。逆水而上的。“东风”当然是顺风，可以减少逆水行船的困难。这既是写实，也包含着作者善意的祝福。当然，即使是一帆风顺，旅程也是漫长而艰苦的。一句“东风道路长”，既蕴含了诗人发自内心的祝愿，又流露出诗人蒙胧的不安与深情的惜别。寥寥五字，真是言简意赅，余味无穷。
后二句“人心胜潮水，相送过浔阳”更进一层。既然客路工远，旅程孤寂，既然情热如火，不忍分离，那就该送上一程了。然而人不能送，因为情势不容；江潮也不能送，因为船向西而水东流，条件也不许可。那么，难道就让我的挚友孤雁独飞。去承受那漫漫征途中难耐的寂寞吗？不，诗人的心将时刻伴随着他。人心不比那无知的潮水，人心能超越时空的限制。它将伴送着行人，驶过浔阳江，驶向那云山深处的西塞。句中以“人心”与“潮水”对举，而一个“胜”字，便借流水的无情反衬出友人的多情。音节虽促，而蕴蓄深远，耐人寻味。
鉴赏二
这是一首以送别为主题的五言绝句。
严羽《沧浪诗话·诗法》中曾说:“律诗难于古诗，绝句难于八句，七言律诗难于五言律诗，五言绝句难于七言绝句。”从逻辑角度看。严沧浪显然认为五言绝句是难中之最了。后人对此当然难免有些争议，但其实严羽的感受是相当真实的。杨万里《诚斋诗话》中也说:“五七字绝句最少而最难工，虽作者亦难得四句全好者。”王世贞《艺苑巵言》说:“绝句固自难，五言尤甚，离首即尾。离尾即首，而要(通腰)腹亦自不可少。妙在愈小而大，愈促而缓。”这就不但肯定了五言绝句的“难”处，同时也指出了五言绝句的“妙”处。难，就难在“小”而“促”，妙，也妙在“小”而“促”。本诗以区区二十字，写送别情怀，着墨不多而蓄意无尽，堪称化“难”为“妙”的成功之作。
原诗以“西塞云山远，东风道路长”二句开头。对偶轻盈脱俗，工稳端丽。“西塞”是行人的目的地。云山远隔，只在想望之中。诗人的朋友即将乘舟前往。西塞山在湖北，浔阳江在江西，船行是由东向西。逆水而上的。“东风”当然是顺风，可以减少逆水行船的困难。这既是写实，也包含着作者善意的祝福。当然，即使是一帆风顺，旅程也是漫长而艰苦的。一句“东风道路长”，既蕴含了诗人发自内心的祝愿，又流露出诗人蒙胧的不安与深情的惜别。寥寥五字，真是言简意赅，余味无穷。
后二句“人心胜潮水，相送过浔阳”更进一层。既然客路工远，旅程孤寂，既然情热如火，不忍分离，那就该送上一程了。然而人不能送，因为情势不容；江潮也不能送，因为船向西而水东流，条件也不许可。那么，难道就让我的挚友孤雁独飞。去承受那漫漫征途中难耐的寂寞吗？不，诗人的心将时刻伴随着他。人心不比那无知的潮水，人心能超越时空的限制。它将伴送着行人，驶过浔阳江，驶向那云山深处的西塞。句中以“人心”与“潮水”对举，而一个“胜”字，便借流水的无情反衬出友人的多情。音节虽促，而蕴蓄深远，耐人寻味。
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上一首：
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白居易《
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送客归京》
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下一首：
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王安石《
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送王詹叔利州路运判》
皇甫曾简介
唐代·皇甫曾的简介
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皇甫曾（约公元七五六年前后在世）字孝常，润州丹阳人，皇甫冉之弟。生卒年均不详，约唐玄宗天宝末前后在世。天宝十二年（公元七五三年）杨儇榜进士，德宗贞元元年(785)卒。工诗，出王维之门，与兄名望相亚，高仲武称其诗“体制清洁，华不胜文”(《中兴间气集》卷下），时人以比张载、张协、景阳、孟阳。历官侍御史。后坐事贬舒州司马，移阳翟令。《全唐诗》存诗1卷，《全唐诗外编》补诗2首，《唐才子传》传于世。
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