新亭渚别范零陵云
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南北朝]：谢朓
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洞庭张乐地，潇湘帝子游。
云去苍梧野，水还江汉流。
停骖我怅望，辍棹子夷犹。
广平听方籍，茂陵将见求。
心事俱己矣，江上徒离忧。
新亭渚别范零陵云译文及注释
译文
洞庭是轩辕黄帝的作乐之地，潇湘是帝尧二女的出游之乡。
你像白云飘向那苍梧之野，我像流水流向那遥远东方。
勒住马头我怅然远望，停下船桨你迟疑不航。
你的广平大守的自喻使人慰藉，你的文采将像相如一样得到识赏。
浩茫的心事都已付诸东流了，大江上留下的只有离别调怅。
注释
新亭：在今南京市南。范零陵：范云。零陵：南齐郡名，治所在今湖南省零陵县北。
洞庭：山名，又称君山，在洞庭湖中。张乐：犹言作乐。传说黄帝在此奏《成池》之乐。
潇湘：水名。湘水至零陵县西与潇水合流，称潇湘。相传帝尧的二女娥皇、女英随舜不返，死于湘水。帝子：即指尧女。洞庭、潇湘都是范云赴零陵经过的地方。
苍梧：山名，即九嶷山。传说舜死于苍梧之野。
水还：零陵的水由江汉金陵东流入海，故云。
停骖（cān）：犹言停车。古代驾车用四马，两旁的马为骖。
夷犹：犹豫不前。以上二句言一去一留，临别依恋。
广平：指广平太守郑袤，晋朝人，曾做广平太守，有政绩，为百姓所爱。临去，百姓恋慕涕泣。此句言范将如郑袤在广平，声名藉甚。
“茂陵”句：汉司马相如谢病居茂陵。武帝遣人往求其书，及至，已卒。此句言自己将如司马相如谢病家居，以遗文见求于世。
心事：指上面所说的两人的愿望。
离：同“罹（lí）”，遭。
参考资料：
1、徐寒．历代古诗鉴赏 中 ：中国书店，2011：430
2、赵彩娟．中国古代文学作品补选：南开大学出版社，2014：41
3、吕晴飞．中国历代名诗今译：中国妇女出版社，1991：426-427
新亭渚别范零陵云创作背景
南朝齐永明十一年（493年），齐武帝萧赜去世后，王融因企图拥立萧子良被杀。不久，同样也是竟陵八友之一的范云出为零陵内史。谢脁当时刚从荆州（今湖北一带）返京，送别旧友，作了这首诗。
参考资料：
1、杨明．谢脁庾信及其他诗人诗文选评：上海古籍出版社，2002年：26页
新亭渚别范零陵云鉴赏
这首诗一开头，就将诗笔放纵出去，从范云将去之地湖南着笔，从彼地的往古之时写起：这里，诗人写了两个古老、美丽而又动人的故事。相传古时黄帝曾在洞庭奏《咸池》之乐；帝尧的二女娥皇、女英曾追随舜前往南方，没有赶上而死于湘水。诗人以此来代指友人将要去的地方，用心良苦。本来，蛮夷之地，瘴烟湿热，无乐可言；但，如果照实写来，对将要前往赴任的朋友来说，该是非常大的刺激。所以，诗人灵心一动，从这两个古老的传说写起，巧妙地引出友人将要去的地方，既回避了触目惊心的刺激，又兼顾到了诗本身结构的整体性和一致性，可谓精巧至极。第三、四句，仍承上那个古老的传说写下来，但笔势已开始收束。通过云水往还的景色描写，诗人将诗笔悄悄地收拢回来，从彼时彼地逐渐聚束到此时此地。他的那颗忧愁之心，先到苍梧之野萦回了一圈以后，现在，宛如乘着思绪的木兰之舟，沿着滔滔江水，徘徊到新亭江边。离别就在此地、就在此时。诗人仿佛猛然从浮想联翩中清醒过来，停车驻马，目送已泛舟江中的友人。五六两句一写友人，一写自己，用了一个大的镜头：一个岸边立马，怅然若失；一个江中辍棹，犹豫不舍。形象含蓄地表达出了深沉的依依惜别之情。
这种离别，交织着复杂的感情。失意，怀才不遇，便是其中的一个主要成份。最后四句，明白地道出了这一心迹。诗人用郑袤的典故，是勉励范云，希望他到任零陵后，能像郑袤那样，政有显绩，声望日隆。而“茂陵”句则是自喻。诗人以司马相如自比，希望自己也能像他那样，受到赏识。这与其说是写理想、抒怀抱，不如说是强打精神，互慰衷肠。因为，现实毕竟是冷酷无情的。好友远往他乡异地，自己寂寞都城，这才是现实，不可能海阔天高，奢谈理想、抱负。所以，透过表象，体会到一种无可奈何的意绪，滋滋漫溢出来，以至最后化作了无可奈何的感叹：“心事俱已矣，江上徒离忧”。远大的抱负，宏伟的理想，都已随着滚滚波涛，飘然而逝了，而今只有江上离别，只有无穷无尽的忧愁而已。离别的痛苦，加上失意的寥落，在诗人的心头上蒙上了一层巨大的失落之感，忧愁、苦闷、沉寂、怅惘，多重意绪深深地纠缠着诗人，使他始终怅然独立新亭，望着滔滔江水，任凭它带走诚挚的友情，搅扰五味俱全的情怀，荡涤无限渺茫、无限悠远的“心事”。
这首诗的艺术结构很奇特。一般说来，送别诗都是从此地遥想彼地，从现时憧憬将来；而谢脁此诗，率皆反其道而行之。他在时空的安排上设置了一个超乎寻常的大逆转：时间，从往古的黄帝奏乐、二妃南行写起——先将时间倒退回去，然后再慢慢收束回来，一直写到与友人送别之现时；地域，从范云将在之地洞庭潇湘（实指零陵）写起——先将地域推宕开去，然后再悄悄拉拢过来，由江汉之水，顺流直下，一直写到离别之此地。在此基础之上，再由物境而入心境，将诗笔深入到心灵深处，抒发怀友之思和惜别之情，描绘失意之志和失落之感。这样一条由远及近、由景入情的线索，蜿蜒络绎于诗的始终，表现出诗人构思上的精巧和诗篇结构上的戛戛独造。
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五松山送殷淑》
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王维《
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送友人南归》
谢朓简介
唐代·谢朓的简介
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谢朓（464~499年），字玄晖。汉族，陈郡阳夏（今河南太康县）人。南朝齐时著名的山水诗人，出身世家大族。谢朓与谢灵运同族，世称“小谢”。初任竟陵王萧子良功曹、文学，为“竟陵八友”之一。后官宣城太守，终尚书吏部郎，又称谢宣城、谢吏部。东昏侯永元初，遭始安王萧遥光诬陷，下狱死。曾与沈约等共创“永明体”。今存诗二百余首，多描写自然景物，间亦直抒怀抱，诗风清新秀丽，圆美流转，善于发端，时有佳句；又平仄协调，对偶工整，开启唐代律绝之先河。
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孙觌
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豆熟连村雨叶黄，粳肥蘸水露华香。凉蝉已抱寒茎槁，冻蝶犹穿晚菊忙。
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朱儒诵
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两汉：
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佚名
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臧之狐裘。
败我于狐骀。