送沈亚之歌·并序
[
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 93
唐代]：李贺
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 114
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 114
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 116
文人沈亚之，元和七年以书不中第，返归于吴江。吾悲其行，无钱酒以劳，又感沈之勤请，乃歌一解以送之。
紫丝竹断骢马小，家住钱塘东复东。
白藤交穿织书笈，短策齐裁如梵夹。
雄光宝矿献春卿，烟底蓦波乘一叶。
春卿拾材白日下，掷置黄金解龙马。
携笈归江重入门，劳劳谁是怜君者。
吾闻壮夫重心骨，古人三走无摧捽。
请君待旦事长鞭，他日还辕及秋律。
送沈亚之歌·并序译文及注释
译文
文人沈亚之，元和七年由于文章原因而没有考取功名，准备返回家乡吴江。我为他将要踏上归途感到伤心，可是没有钱买酒设宴来慰问他，又感激他的再三请求，于是创作一首诗歌赠送给他。吴兴才人失意将归，哀怨春风无情，吹得桃花落满路，千里一片红。
紫丝竹鞭已断裂，所骑骢马弱又小，家住钱塘，在遥远的东方还要往东。
带着一条条白藤交叉编成的书箱，里面是短小整齐的文稿，有如梵夹。
为把闪闪发光的“宝矿”呈现给考官，你乘着小舟，掠过烟波来到京华。
考官们在光天化日之下选拔人才，却把“黄金”抛掉，“龙马”放弃。
落第而归，重又带着书箱走进家门，是谁能体贴关怀而怜悯你？
我听说，大丈夫看重节操骨气，古人能做到失败三次也不泄气。
请你等到下一年的那个时辰挥起长鞭，趁秋天的大好时光驱车再来应试。
注释
沈亚之：字下贤，吴兴（今浙江湖州）人。元和十年（815年）进士。以文辞得名，尝游韩愈门，为当时名辈所称许。著有《沈下贤集》。
元和：唐宪宗年号（806—820年）。以书不中第：因为文章没有考取功名。
其行：将要踏上归途。
劳：慰问。
勤请：再三请求。
一解：乐府歌词一章称为一解。这里指的是一首诗。
吴兴才人：这里指沈亚之。
桃花满陌：落红铺满田间的路。
紫丝竹：马鞭。骢（cōng）马：青白色马。
钱塘：旧县名，今并入杭州市。
书笈（jí）：书箱。
梵（fàn）夹：佛经。
宝矿：金银宝石。
一叶：小船。
拾才：选取人才。
掷置：抛弃。解龙马：放走骢马。《周礼》“马八尺以上为龙”。
劳劳：体切宽慰的意思。
重心骨：以有志向有骨气为重。
古人三走：《史记·管晏列传》“管仲三次为官，三次罢免；三次打仗，三次失败。后来辅助齐桓公成为一代名相。”用典故鼓励沈亚之不要灰心。摧捽：挫折。
事长鞭：执鞭打马。事，使用。
还辕：再来。辕，车。秋律：秋天。
参考资料：
1、冯浩非 徐传武．李贺诗选译．成都：巴蜀书社，1991：14-17
送沈亚之歌·并序创作背景
此诗当作于唐宪宗元和七年（812年）。元和六年（811年），沈亚之到京师应试。其时李贺适任职长安，与沈亚之以诗文会合，遂成益友。元和七年（812年）春，沈亚之“以书不中第”返乡，李贺写了这首诗为之送别。
参考资料：
1、吴企明 编选．李贺集．南京：凤凰出版社，2014：112-115
送沈亚之歌·并序鉴赏
沈亚之落第还家，李贺写诗进行宽慰，这本是一般性的应酬之作。但是由于诗人的切身之痛，对科举制的体察，所以发出愤激之词，痛斥主考官有眼无珠，在光天化日之下“掷置黄金解龙马”可谓是字字珠玑，铿锵有力。
此诗以七言歌行体写成，十六句三次换韵，形成四句一段的结构特征。
开头四句写沈亚之下第“出都”。因下第，怀才不遇，故曰“怨”。桃花千里红，固然写眼前景，亦以此反衬内心之悲。
次四句追写沈亚之初次应试入京的情景。五六二句极赞其“书”之精，诗意与“书不中第”相对应，以突现礼部选材之不公。七八二句谓沈亚之远涉烟波，怀“雄光宝矿”之才华，上献春卿。
再次四句写礼部官员在光天化日之下，不辨优劣，致使沈亚之下第，重入家门。这四句获得清人姚文夑的极度赞赏。
最后四句则寄予厚望，鼓励朋友振作精神他日再试。诗为送别之作，需要为落第之友着想，因而“携笈”二句表示出对朋友的深切关怀。
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 169
Warning: Use of undefined constant islast - assumed 'islast' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 296
Warning: Use of undefined constant tbname - assumed 'tbname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 305
Warning: Use of undefined constant modid - assumed 'modid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 306
Warning: Use of undefined constant yhid - assumed 'yhid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 307
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant wburl - assumed 'wburl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant listdt - assumed 'listdt' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant classurl - assumed 'classurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant newsurl - assumed 'newsurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classpath - assumed 'classpath' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
上一首：
Warning: Use of undefined constant writer - assumed 'writer' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 178
李白《
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 178
送友人入蜀》
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 193
Warning: Use of undefined constant islast - assumed 'islast' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 296
Warning: Use of undefined constant tbname - assumed 'tbname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 305
Warning: Use of undefined constant modid - assumed 'modid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 306
Warning: Use of undefined constant yhid - assumed 'yhid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 307
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant wburl - assumed 'wburl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant listdt - assumed 'listdt' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant classurl - assumed 'classurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant newsurl - assumed 'newsurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classpath - assumed 'classpath' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
下一首：
Warning: Use of undefined constant writer - assumed 'writer' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 202
齐己《
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 202
剑客》
李贺简介
唐代·李贺的简介
Warning: Use of undefined constant titlepic - assumed 'titlepic' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 222
Warning: Use of undefined constant titleurl - assumed 'titleurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 223
Warning: Use of undefined constant titlepic - assumed 'titlepic' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 223
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 223
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 228
李贺（约公元791年-约817年），字长吉，汉族，唐代河南福昌（今河南洛阳宜阳县）人，家居福昌昌谷，后世称李昌谷，是唐宗室郑王李亮后裔。有“诗鬼”之称，是与“诗圣”杜甫、“诗仙”李白、“诗佛”王维相齐名的唐代著名诗人。著有《昌谷集》。李贺是中唐的浪漫主义诗人，与李白、李商隐称为唐代三李。有“‘太白仙才，长吉鬼才’之说。李贺是继屈原、李白之后，中国文学史上又一位颇享盛誉的浪漫主义诗人。李贺长期的抑郁感伤，焦思苦吟的生活方式，元和八年（813年）因病辞去奉礼郎回昌谷，27岁英年早逝。
猜你喜欢
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
游白鹿洞书院
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
项安世
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
晦翁一别遂千秋，跨鹿乘云何处游。
人随流水去不返，名与好山空自留。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
偈颂七十二首
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
宋代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
释祖钦
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
洪蒙未判绝疏亲，毕竟难将事理分。
夜半正明还不露，金刚脑后铁昆仑。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
慈竹
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
宋代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
王令
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
不求丹凤食，不学景龙吟。
自有慈仁意，相依岁月深。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
游罗浮四首 其四
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
明代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
刘存业
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
抱被相随石室中，天鸡初唱海涛红。晦明不定山头日，呼舞无端谷口风。
前辈书题空石藓，野人心思只云松。神仙骨相知谁是，更踏飞云最上峰。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
东陂菡萏盛开即事
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
明代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
胡应麟
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
紫骝何处系垂杨，菡萏初分太液长。十万红妆齐衒色，三千彩袖各飞香。
游童戴叶翻歌扇，稚女穿花出画航。最是夜来添怅绝，湖南一路下新霜。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
朱儒诵
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
两汉：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
佚名
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/hzkmyf.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
臧之狐裘。
败我于狐骀。