满江红·金陵乌衣园
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宋代]：吴潜
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柳带榆钱，又还过、清明寒食。天一笑、浦园罗绮，满城箫笛。花树得睛红欲染，远山过雨青如滴。问江南池馆有谁来？江南客。
乌衣巷，今犹昔。乌衣事，今难觅。但年年燕子，晚烟斜日。抖擞一春尘土债，悲凉万古英雄迹。且芳尊随分趁芳时，休虚掷。
满江红·金陵乌衣园译文及注释
译文
柳树已是长条如带，榆荚也结实如古钱 。清明、寒食两节已过。天晴了，满园游玩的仕女，满城笙歌。阳光照耀，满树红花红得艳丽；雨后远山，座座青翠欲滴。向江南问讯：谁会来这乌衣园探寻？是我这个江南的客人。
乌衣巷的模样还似往昔。可乌衣巷中的往事今日已难寻觅。只有春来秋去的燕子年年来此地，看到的也不过是苍茫暮色中残阳渐坠西。我来这里游赏本想除去为官经历上的烦意，眼前所见，倒为古今沧桑生出无数悲切和忧郁。且端着酒杯让我随意畅饮，莫虚度了这天气晴朗和花红柳绿的光阴 。
注释
满江红：词牌名，又名《上江虹》、《念良游》、《伤春曲》。双调，九十三字，前片八句四平韵，后片十句五平韵。
金陵乌衣园：南京秦淮河岸乌衣巷东面，原为东晋王、谢等贵族住宅遗址，南宋时已成为人们游乐场所。
柳带榆（yú）钱。指柳条飘拂，榆荚成串。
清明寒食：“清明”是一年二十四节气中的一“气”。“寒食”是令名，在清明节前一两日，以禁火做饭，故名。
罗绮（qǐ）：此以衣代人，指游女。
江南客：自指并兼指其兄
乌衣事：指东晋王导和谢安住在这里，衣冠来往、车马喧闹的历史事迹。
尘土债：指自己仕宦的官务。这两句是说，本来想借游园以摆脱繁杂的官场事务，谁知来到园中却勾引起人世沧桑的无限悲凉。
随分：犹云随便。
参考资料：
1、曹济平．唐宋风情词选：江苏古籍出版社，1991年08月第1版：第109页
2、苏同炳．书蠹余谈：故宫出版社，2013.04：第168页
满江红·金陵乌衣园创作背景
这首词作于宋理宗端平元年（1234）寒食、清明两节期间，当时作者在建康（今江苏南京）任淮西财赋总领，与其兄吴渊同游乌衣园，遂有此作。
参考资料：
1、周密．绝妙好词：吉林出版集团有限责任公司，2011.10：第104页
满江红·金陵乌衣园鉴赏
这首词为感愤时事之作。全词绘景、吊古、抒情，逐层叙写，一气贯穿，自然浑成。
上片侧重写景，景中含情，其中“满园罗绮，满城箫笛”的热闹场景与“花树得晴红欲染，远山过雨青如滴”的美好景致，皆足以动人游兴，让人兴奋，但却与宦途不顺的吴氏兄弟的郁闷心情不相协调，反而引出了他们的客居之愁。前两句写乌衣园及金陵城内游人如织的赏春盛事，后两句对仗工整，将此时节的美丽风景描绘得尤为绘声绘色。“问江南、池馆有谁来？江南客。”在这乌衣园内的池阁馆榭间游玩的是些什么人呢？其中就有我这来自江南的游客。上片结句以一问答引出自己客中游园的身份，乐尽悲续，引起下片的身世之慨。
下片转入怀古抒情，郁闷之情贯穿全篇。“乌衣巷，今犹昔。乌衣事，今难觅。”两句以“乌衣”并提，但巷犹昔，事难觅，对比十分鲜明。王谢的德行已成历史，不复存在，所以难觅。来到此地，只见小巷依然，触景生情。“但年年燕子，晚烟斜日。”只有春来秋去的燕子年年来此凭吊一番，“晚烟斜日”景象何其萧条。燕子当年经历过乌衣园的繁盛，如今又看到它的冷落，作者的今昔之感借燕子作了具体呈现。这里化用刘禹锡《乌衣巷》“旧时王谢堂前燕，飞入寻常百姓家”的诗句，但用意不同。刘诗旨在奚落、讽刺，这里是景仰、怀念。“抖擞一春尘土债，悲凉万古英雄迹。”语出辛弃疾《沁园春·和吴子似县尉》词中“直须抖擞尘埃”句。“这里“尘土债”与“英雄迹”对照，显示了自己及其兄多少沉沦下僚、尘驱物役的苦闷和愤慨；“英雄”二字显示出兄弟二人不同于那些“戚戚于贫贱，汲汲于富贵”的世俗之人，他们悲愤的是壮志难酬，追求的是干一番惊天动地的英雄事业。此二句将怀古之情拍合到自身的宦海沉浮之感中。“风流总被雨打风吹去”，多少英雄业绩俱已成为过眼烟云，又不禁心生悲凉。这两句把这种思想感情的曲折表现。“且芳尊随分趁芳时，休虚掷。”感情并非消极低沉，而是故作反语，表现自己济时报国的“英雄”事业难以实现的悲愤。这正言若反手法的运用，使得全词的感情更显沉郁凄劲。
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杜荀鹤《
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春日山中对雪有作》
吴潜简介
唐代·吴潜的简介
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吴潜（1195—1262） 字毅夫，号履斋，宣州宁国（今属安徽）人。宁宗嘉定十年（1217）举进士第一，授承事郎，迁江东安抚留守。理宗淳祐十一年（1251）为参知政事，拜右丞相兼枢密使，封崇国公。次年罢相，开庆元年（1259）元兵南侵攻鄂州，被任为左丞相，封庆国公，后改许国公。被贾似道等人排挤，罢相，谪建昌军，徙潮州、循州。与姜夔、吴文英等交往，但词风却更近于辛弃疾。其词多抒发济时忧国的抱负与报国无门的悲愤。格调沉郁，感慨特深。著有《履斋遗集》，词集有《履斋诗余》。
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